THE RED-THROATED PIPIT. 153 



the observations of Prof. Newton on this point 1 

 certainly tend to show that the species is a valid 

 one. It was met with by him in June, 1855, 

 when in company with Messrs. Wolley and 

 Simpson, in a restricted locality in East Fin- 

 mark, between Wadso and Nyborg, and several 

 well-identified nests were procured. A specimen 

 procured in Heligoland is in Herr Gatke's col- 

 lection. 



It is not uncommon as a winter visitant in 

 Turkey, and Mr. Wright has shot many speci- 

 mens in Malta, where he says it arrives in small 

 flocks in spring and autumn. In Egypt and 

 Nubia this bird quite takes the place of A. pra- 

 tensis, and is sometimes very common there. 

 It probably winters also in Palestine, although 

 Canon Tristram, during his sojourn there at 

 that season, only met with a single specimen on 

 the coast of the plain of Sharon. It has been 

 found in China, Japan, Formosa, and Hainan, 

 by Mr. Swinhoe, who suggests that this bird 



1 See Bree's "Birds of Europe," vol. ii. p. 155. 



