SCIENTIFIC TERMS 7 



2. Amphibia. Example, frog, salamander. 14,000 different kinds. 



3. Reptilia. Example, snakes, turtles, alligators. 35,000 different 



kinds. 



4. Birds. Example, sparrow, eagle, hawk, crow. 13,000 different 



kinds. 



5. Mammals. Example, horse, cow, sheep, monkey, man. 35,000 



different kinds. 



The plants, like the animals, are arranged in general 

 groups (phyla) which, beginning with the simplest, are as 

 follows : 



I. Cryptogams. Flowerless or seedless plants. 



1. Thallophytes. 



a. Bacteria. 1300 different kinds. 



b. Algse. Example, pleuroccocus, spirogyra. 1300 different 



kinds. 



c. Fungi. Example, molds, puff-balls, toadstools. 64,400 dif- 



ferent kinds. 



2. Bryophytes. 



a. Liverworts. 4000 different kinds. 



b. Mosses. 12,600 different kinds. 



3. Pteridophytes. 4500 different kinds of ferns. 

 II. Phanerogams. Flowering or seed-bearing plants. 



1. Gymnosperms. Example, pine, spruce. 540 different kinds. 



2. Angiosperms. Flowering plants proper. 



a. Monocotyledons. Example, corn. 23,700 different kinds. 



b. Dicotyledons. Example, bean. 108,800 different kinds. 



Scientific Terms. — Scientists in America, France, Ger- 

 many, Russia, and elsewhere are continually studying 

 different plants and animals. For their convenience the 

 Latin names are usually adopted in advanced scientific 

 works. Thus the English or house sparroiv is called .Pasxrr 

 domesticus, and the American elm, Ulmus americana, so that 

 scientists of different countries may always use the same 

 term. But in this book we shall use the common Ameri- 

 can names of the plants and animals studied. 



Scientific terms include also the names of certain suit- 

 stances frequently referred to in science books like this 



