20 



THE GRASSHOPPER 



three regions — head, thorax, and abdomen. See Figure 7. 

 All have three pairs of legs, and most of them two pairs 

 of wings. . They breathe by means of air tubes (tracheae'). 

 In becoming adult, all pass through metamorphosis, either 



complete or incomplete. The 

 insect group is subdivided 

 into ten smaller groups or 

 orders. 



The grasshopper belongs to 

 the order known as Orthop- 

 tera 1 (6r-thop'ter-a : Greek, 

 orthos, straight; pteron, wing). 

 In the Orthoptera we find six 

 common families : grasshop- 

 jDers, crickets, katydids, cock- 

 roaches, walking sticks, and 

 praying mantids. 



12. Economic Insects. — By 

 economic insects, we mean 

 those insects which, by their 

 activities, are either helpful 

 or harmful to man. If an insect has no economic impor- 

 tance, we mean that it does not harm us by eating things 

 useful to us, nor does it help us in any way. 



The struggle to live is a problem for all animals, for 



Figure 15. — Monarch Butterfly. 



Showing how it carries pollen 

 from one clover blossom to 

 another. 



1 grasshoppers, katydids, crickets 

 butterflies and motbs 

 beetles 

 bugs 



bees, wasps, ichneumons, gall flies 

 flies and mosquitoes 

 dragon flies 

 May flies 

 stone flies 

 fleas 



(straight wings) 

 (scaly wings) 

 (shield wings) 

 (half wings) 

 (membrane wings) 

 (two wings) 

 (teeth) 

 (short lived) 

 (net wings) 

 (wingless) 



often called siphon-mouthed 



Orthoptera 



Lepidoptera 



Coleoptera 



Hemiptera 



Hymenoptera 



Diptera 



Odonata 



Ephemeridae 



Plecoptera 



Aptera 



Siphonaptera 



