DIRECTIONS 



21 



mnny umbellate clusters will be found under the gen- 

 eral head, cluster, for example, marsh andromeda, bas- 

 tard toadflax, and spurge. 



The composite family has many small flowers grouped 

 closely into one apparently single flower, as the dande- 

 lion, daisy, and thistle. These apparently single flowers 

 are called "flower-heads." The separate flowers mak- 

 ing up this flower-head may be tubular, as in the disk, 

 or centre, or their corollas may appear like single petals 

 (rays). 



Fig. 8. Fig. 9. 



Fig. 7, 



1/=^ 



-o 



^ 



O 



Head. 



:?» 



Spike. 



Fig. 10. 



— ."> 



O. 



Raceme. 



Umbel. 



A papilionaceous flower is one bearing a certain 

 resemblance to a butterfly, as the blossom of the pea 

 or bean. 



The calyx is the cup-like part which holds the rest 

 of the flower; it may be made up of separate sepals or 

 otherwise formed, but it is generally green. 



The corolla is the part of a flower which generally 

 gives it color; it may be made up of separate petals or 

 may be tubular, bell-shaped, or otherwise. 



The pistil generally arises from the centre of the 

 flower, and is surrounded by the stamens (Fig. 11). 



Other botanical terms are replaced by using a com- 

 mon equivalent, for example, leaf-stalk for petiole, 

 flower-stalk for pedicel, and the like. 



Equipped with this much familiarity with botanical 

 terms, one first notes the color of the flower, or apparent 



