YELLOW OR YELLOWISH FLOWERS 41 



15. Leaves (not opposite or whorled) simple, plants with thorns. 



B.vRBF.RRV {Bcrhcris vitli^aris). Barberry family. 



Shrub with dehcatc spines; petals 6, inversely egg- 

 shaped; leaves toothed. Roadsides, etc. Early 

 summer. 



Prickly Pear. Indian Fig. {Opimtia vulgaris). Cac- 

 tus family. 

 On ground, made up of light green joints, with 

 small spines and tiny leaves, close to stem; flowers 

 large, solitary; petals about 8. Sandy places, etc. 

 Summer. Nantucket and South. 



Opuntia Rafinesquii. Cactus family. 



Similar but dark green; leaves not quite so small, 

 and sometimes larger spines; petals 10-12. 



16. Leaves from root only, simple, flowers composite. 



Coltsfoot {Tussilago Farfara). Composite family. 



Ht. few in.-i^ ft.; flower-heads solitary on stems 

 ivitli many scales ; leaves long-stemmed, broad with 

 pointed lobes and teeth, woolly underneath. Wet 

 ground. Early spring. 



Cynthia {Krigia ample xicaulis). Composite family. 

 Ht. 1-2 ft.; flowers resembling dandelions (i^ in.) 

 on long-branching stalks; basal leaves 2-6 in. 

 long, narrowly toothed or cut, or without teeth, 

 on stalks with margins; a single leaf on the stem, 

 clasping. Moist ground. Spring to autumn. 



Fall Dandelion (Leontodon auttmtnalis). Composite 

 family. 

 Ht. abt. I ft.; leafless stem slender, dividing at top; 

 flower-heads like small dandelions; leaves deeply 

 toothed or pinnately cut. Meadows and roadsides. 

 Summer, autumn. 



Dandelion {Taraxacum Taraxacum,). Composite family. 

 Single hollow stem bearing one large flower-head of 

 strap-shaped flowers; leaves long, irregularly cut. 

 Open fields, etc. 



