Chap. I. O F P L O U G H S. 423 



The fhafts AB, CD, fliould be pierced with four or five holes, 



to fet the wheel more or lefs forward or backward, in order to make 



the plough flrike more or lefs deep into the earth, as may be feen in 



Jig. \. a, b, c, d. The fame holes are indicated by the pricked lines 



on the two fliafts oi Jig. 2. from A to iV, and from C to O. 



Of the Plough HaU. 



'T^HIS part confifts of the beam IK,fg. i & 2; the ground-reft 

 •*■ CD Jig. I, which is covered by the fliare LD; the handles 

 KP, K^Jig. 2. zndKPfg. i. the flieat EF fg. i, of which 

 part is pricked in^^. i, and the end appears at X. in Jig. Z; the 

 mould board RSJig. 2, part of which is feen at N injg. i ; the 

 coulter GHJig. i, and 'fVfg. 2, and the ihare LD Jig. i, part of 

 which is {^tn at I'in^^. 2. 



The beam is four feet eight inches long, excludve of the tenon 

 which traverfes the handles. Three inches and a quarter fquare are 

 very fufficient in its thickeft part, which is from X to V, Jig. 2. 

 The mortifes in the beam, which are under g, b. and through which 

 the two crofs ftaves EF, GH, are flipt, fhould be fo fitted, that the 

 crofs ftaves may not ftiake or be loofe in them, at the fame time that 

 the beam fhould, by their help, flip with eafe over the crofs ftaves, 

 either to the i^ight towards EG, or to the left towards F H, accord- 

 ing as the intended plowing may require. The beam fliould be 

 faftened, either by two nuts fcrewed on at tn n, which will fix it 

 tight to the crofs ftaves EF, GH; or by two iron pins, ftuck 

 through the holes/> and q in the two crofs ftaves, one to the right in 

 the crofs ftaff E F, and the other to the left in the crofs ftaft" G H. 

 Thefe pins will keep the beam fteady in its place. 



The lower part of the ground-refi fliould be fomewhat concave, 

 as is reprefented at CD, Jig. 4, PL II. in order to leflen its fridlion 

 againft the earth. 



The beam IK, Jig. i, and the ground reft CD, are faftened to- 

 gether by the fheat FE, and the handles PK, h, both of which 

 are riveted to the ground-reft by two ftrong iron pins, the heads of 

 which are feen at g and h; and to the beam, as alfo the tenon of the 

 beam which traverfes the handles at ?«, n ; and by the two wedges, 

 p, and q, another ufe of which will be explained hereafter. 



Wood naturally crooked is beft to make the handles of, that thev 

 may be all of one piece, which fliould be fo difpofed, that one third 



of 



