444 O F H O R S E-H O E S. Part R^ 



this kft only when a greater quantity of earth is wanted to be turned 

 up towards the rows of corn : for it is to be obferved, that the^fi^Ir- 

 //■Uct/or hardly changes the fituation of the earth, but dLvi^i.^id 

 breaks it in the place it is in, fo as to render it loofe anJ lignt. and 

 fit for the roots of plants to penetrate with eafe. This ii.ftruai^ufe,. 

 like a miner, works chiefly under ground, where it cuts tiie earth, 

 divides its particles, and raifes it up and lightens it. It has this far- 

 ther advantage, that one horfe is fufficient to draw it. The culti- 

 vator, PlateYl. is compofed of a ht^\x\AB,fg. 2. the handles CD, 

 and the Ihare E F, which is more particularly reprefented in^. 3,, 

 4, 5, 6, and 7. 



The beam AB is three feet and a half, or four feet long. It's 

 diameter ought not to exceed three inches, at mofl: and if it be 

 fquare, the edges fliould be rounded off. It fliould be pierced with 

 the mortifes under the letters G, H, in order to let through the crofs 

 ftaves /, L, in the fame manner as in the fore-carriage of the 

 plough; and is fixed by the keys K, M, or the pins a, b. The 

 middle of the handles fliould be over-agamft the beam, that is to 

 fay, the fpaces between them fliould be equal on both fides. Thefe 

 handles fhould be made flighter than the plough itfelf, and they 

 fhould be fixed to the beam by a tenon in a mprtife, rivetted at iV, 

 and fijpported behind by the prop F. 



The 'extremity^'/ of the ihare, yi^. 4, and the two pins B, C, are 

 made flat. The crooked handle ABC, fig. 5, fliould be quite trir- 

 angular, and fomewhat fliarp before, to anfwer the end of a coulter,, 

 as infg. 3 and 6. 



This fliare is to be let into a notch cut in the under part of the 

 beam, as reprefented \njig. 8 and 9; and fafl:ened there by a fingle 

 ferril, as in J^^. 10. If it fliould cut too deep, that may be remedied 

 by altering the pofition of the wheel, as in the plough, or by inferring, 

 a very fmall wedge g,^fig. 1 1, between the handle of the fhare and. 

 the beam. If it does not cut deep enough, that wedge mufl be 

 inferred at b, Jig. 12, at the other end of the handle, by the- 

 hook. 



When this inflrument is lafed, the beam before defcribed is to be 

 fubllituted in the place of that of the plough, which is to be taken off. 

 The two crofs ftaves /, L,Jig. 2, of the fore-carriage of the plough, 

 are then run through the mortifes G^H, of the beam, by which 

 means it is fixed thereto. This cultivator is very eafy to guide : the 

 plowman may hold it upright, or incline it to the right or left,, 



juit 



