THE PRESENT EVOLUTION OF MAN — fHY.SICAL 277 



observed was three times less among the former than 

 among the latter." — Hirsch, Geographical and Historical 

 Patlwlogy, vol. i. pp. 24'4-5. 



In other words, the Europeans, to whose race the 

 disease was strange, suffered three times as much from 

 the disease in its severer forms as the natives, to whose 

 race it was familiar — a fact to Avhich many parallels 

 may be found. Thus Professor Hirsch remarks — 



" In the malarious regions of the tropics the natives 

 take the milder forms of the fever, while the foreigners, 

 and particularly those not acclimatized, take the disease 

 in its severer jforms ; and, in accordance with that fact, 

 the types with the longer intervals occur in the former, 

 and those with the shorter intervals in the latter." — 

 Ihid. vol. i. p. 241. 



"Just as the history of malarial disease shows it to 

 have been a malady of all times, so the inquiry into its 

 geography leads us to recognize in it a disease of all 

 races and nationalities. This predisposition to malarious 

 sickness is developed to the highest degree among all 

 the peoples belonging to the Caucasian stock, not only 

 on European soil, but also among the Arab population 

 of the Barbary States, and in the malarious districts of 

 India, where the Mahommedan and Hindu population 

 suffer in the same degree as foreigners. This is not 

 the less true for the Malay and Mongol stocks, and for 

 the native (Indian) population of North and South 

 America. The predisposition is least for the Ethiopian 

 race, which, although it by no means enjoys an absolute 

 immunity from the disease, is still affected by it, 

 ceteris paribus, less frequently, less readily, and less 

 severely than other races ; and to this many experiences 

 have incontestably testified, not only in Senegambia, the 

 West Coast of Africa, Nubia, and other parts of its 

 native habitat, but also in other malarious regions of 

 the tropics whither they have migrated. This relative 



