OCEANIC MIGRATIONS. 123 



chart completely, and it is, in fact, printed upside down. Jktf not' 

 content with this, it is apparent that these gentlemen (Captain Gook, 

 Mr. Banks, and Lieutenant Pickersgill, whom Forster mentioned as 

 having obtained the chart) overlooked Tupaia while he was drawing, 

 and suggested corrections, which his idea of their superior knowledge j 

 induced him to receive against his own convictions. This is clear, 

 from the fact that all the groups and islands with which the English j 

 were not acquainted are laid down rightly, according to thei real 

 meaning of apatoerau and apatoa, but wrong according to the mean- i 

 ing which those gentlemen ascribed to the words ; while the islands 

 whose position they knew (the Marquesas and Paumotus) are placed 

 exactly as they should be, according to this mistaken meaning, but 

 altogether out of the proper bearings when these are rightly under- 

 stood. This, of course, makes great confusion, which can only be ! 

 rectified when its origin is perceived.* 



* A copy of this chart is given on the opposite page, reduced to half the original size. 

 The only alteration made in it is the omission of the English names assigned by Forster 

 to some of the islands, which are generally erroneous. Thus he supposes 0-anna (ana), 

 properly Chain Island, to be the Prince of Wales' Island, while Rairoa, to which the 

 latter name really belongs, is set down for Carlshoff ; Hitte-potto, one of the Hili or 

 Feejee Group, is marked Savage Island, &c. It will be seen that while the north and 

 south points have been reversed, the east and west are correctly given. OpatooeMM is ' 

 for o apatoerau, meaning south, and Opatoa, for a apatoa, north. Tatahajftn. (properly 

 tatahiatu) is " morning," and Ohe- Tontera should be o hiti o te ra, " the: rising of the 

 sun." Tereati is for the latter part of the phrase te mairi TOM i te iri a tai, literally, 

 "the sinking (of the sun) to the level of the sea." Tootera is for too o te ra, sunset. 

 Tera Eawattea (te ra e avatea) means, "the sun is at noon." 'Of the seventy-nine 

 names given on the chart, forty-nine (supposing those in which the term itittc occurs to 

 belong to the Feejee Group) can be identified. As to the remainder, the uncertainty 

 probably proceeds, in most cases, from mistakes on the part either of Tupaia (who > gave 

 the names and localities merely from tradition) or of those to whom he communicated the 

 information, or, finally, of Forster himself, who made out the chart from two copie?, dif- 

 fering from one another in some respects, and selected the names from four separate lists. 

 Of these he remarks, " some of the names were strangely spelt, as there never were 

 two persons, in the last and former voyages, who spelt the same name in the same 

 manner." One consequence of this discrepancy in the original charts and lists has been 

 that, in making his selections, Forster has, in some cases, given the same island twice. 

 Thus we have Raihavai and Reevavai, both for Raivavai; Rimatarra and Rimatema 

 both for Rimaiara ; Adeeha and Woureeo, both probably for At in (Woureeo for 0-Atiu, 

 the r and t having been confounded in copying, as we see in Whateva for Faarava, one 

 of the Paumotus). Notwithstanding these errors of a kind unavoidable in such a per- 

 formance, the chart is a most valuable one, as proving, beyond a doubt, the extensive 

 knowledge possessed by the Tahitians of the other Polynesian groups. 



