538 PHILOLOGY. 



5. The possessive affixes have been already given. The following examples will show 

 the manner in which they are joined with nouns. It will be observed that the n of the 

 first and second persons is dropped before an s : 



ludu or ladu, father pi. IftKau, fathers 



inluau, my father inlvludu, my fathers 



anludu, thy father dnluludu, thy fathers 



ludus, his father luludus, his fathers 



kaelvdu, our father kofluluau, our fathers 



luaiiump, your father Ivluduump, your fathers 



ludaus, their father luludavs, their fathers 



stitylam, canoe pi. ttttyJOfylam, canoes 



istitylam, my canoe UtityJtttyfam, my canoes 



astitylam, thy canoe astity.llit/.lam, thy canoes 



stitylams, his canoe stitf.Uit7.lams, his canoes 



kaestitylam, our canoe kaestityltitylam, our canoes 



stitf-hrmp (irreg.), your canoe stit7.ltUf.lump, your canoes 



stiitylams, their canoe ttityJtdtyJanU, their canoes 



The third person plural, it will be seen, differs from the third person singular, not in 

 the affix, but in the duplication of the vowel of the substantive. This peculiarity runs 

 through the whole language, and will be observed in the conjugation of the verb. 



When utf.1 or wutf.1, is used to form the plural of a word, it is prefixed to these pro- 

 nouns ; as, katgki, brother, inkdtgki, my brother, utylinkdtfki, my brothers ; 1167.01107., 

 wife, utf.lkaend-f.ono7,, our wives. 



6. Ida signifies this; gaii (or gai), itsi and Itylu, that, according to the distance of 

 the object to which they refer. Qaii may have the tense signs u (or o) and mO before 

 it ; as, in answer to the question, who did it? a native would say, u-gaii, that man did ; 

 who will go? ans. mu-gaii, that one will. 



Quit is the interrogative who ? In the plural it makes guugrtet? Stem signifies what? 



7. The exact number of tenses and modes in Selish is not yet determined. Past time 

 is expressed by prefixing it (or 6) and tf.lam, the former having a general signification, 

 the latter referring to an action as just completed. There are also two future signs, m (or 

 mD) and nam, the first expressing simple futurity, and the latter apparently having a 

 signification of will or intention. AH the tenses have two forms, the one indefinite, as, I 

 sleep, I slept, the other definite, as, I am sleeping, I was sleeping, &c. This form is 

 made by prefixing ats or els to the verb, and suffixing if or is ; as, Hintsut, he laughs, 

 atsiiintsutig, he is laughing; ukinHintsut, I laughed, ukiatsaintsutig, I was laughing. 



By prefixing aks or uks to a verb with ig suffixed, a form is obtained signifying wish 

 or desire ; as, iitylin, he eats, uksiitf-linig, he wants to eat. 



Sails prefixed gives the signification of ought or should ; as, tgetgdupeldm, to pray for, 

 kaetgetgdupelam, we pray for him, kaesailsl^etydupelam, we ought to pray for him. 



The negative form is made by prefixing ta or tarn to the verb ; the interrogative by 

 prefixing y,a. 



