NORTH u K s r i: i; \ A M E R I c A. 553 



OF THK ACTIVK TRANSITIVE II 



BiaJcisa, is the ground-form, I'mm which we ha\e the Ibllowiog: 



Piltiiksili (phi.) reci|irncal ; In see each oilier. This form is frequently used in the 

 singular, strange ;is it may scrm. It i- nf must frequent cx-eurrencc in the word itiislta, 

 to i\c, and thon of a similar meaniii;:, and seems td recognise a |irim-i|)le of action 

 amon^ the |ieci|>lr, which is always to e\|>eet a return when they give any thing. They 

 know of Liivinji in n<> cither sense. When one speaks to another about any thing which 

 he lias p\en him, it is, in// 1,/u/i pit/itna, instead \ uimiiin, "that which you gave me." 



lank*/, ivilcctive : 1 we myself. This form is made by prefixing the personal pro- 

 nouns, as : 



MM:. PLU. 



1st person, inaksa nunuikxih 



2d person, imaksti imamaksih 



3d person, ipnaksa immamaksih 



Sluiptikud, causative; to cause to see, to show. 



JI inkxii, successive ; to see in succession, or one thing after another. 



Titkuksa, to see suddenly, or for a short time. 



62. There is another lonn which some words are capable of taking, which is also causa- 

 tive, hut it always has reference to an effect produced by language, as, sukuasa, to 

 koi/- (the ground-form); fa.i/tk/ttixn, to cause to know by talking to, &c. 



63. There are some other prefixes which are attached to some verbs in the same way, 

 and also some suffixes, as, huhnipasicisha, to desire to see. But most of the suffixes 

 are fragments of other verbs, which are suffixed to form compounds almost without 

 number. 



64. There is one striking peculiarity in respect to the change of the verb, and other 

 words also, in giving an affirmative answer to a question. Instead of using an affirma- 

 tive particle, it is usual to repeat the verb belonging to the question in a different form, 

 which makes a form of assent throughout the whole declension of the verb ; or, should 

 the word repeated be a noun, pronoun, or other part of speech, it also receives the same 

 variation. It is merely a change in the termination, or a syllable suffixed, the terminating 

 vowel being always u. For instance, to the question, wai akutatasha? are you not about 

 to go? the affirmative answer will be, kutatashu ; so, wot akin? ans. kiukit. 



65. Almost any noun or adjective may become a verb by changing its form or adding 

 a verbal suffix; as, misliat, a chief, ipnamiohatoksha, he makes himself a chief, or con- 

 ducts himself like a chief. Himakash, great, himakashwis/in, to be great, &c. 



66. A paradigm of the verb is given, from which an idea may be formed of the extent 

 of its variations. Most of the conjugations are declined in the same manner as the one 

 given. Some of them, especially the reciprocal and reflective, differ in some respects. 



OF THE ADVERB. 



67. Adverbs are not numerous in this language. The manner of the action is so fre- 

 quently expressed by the verb itself, that it supersedes the necessity of the frequent use 



of the adverb. 



139 



