NEED OF OKGANJSED TEACHING 369 



over the public, as examiners in London, and as confi- 

 dential advisers of examiners and professors elsewhere, to 

 ensure the cordial reception of such a system. What with 

 Henslow's Botanical School diagrams now in progress and 

 Museum Types we have made a fair start, and if you do 

 not occupy the field in Zoology some pitiful botcher or 

 other will. 



I am very glad that we shall meet at Darwin's. I wish 

 that we could there discuss some plan that would bring 

 about more unity in our efforts to advance Science. As I 

 get more and more engrossed at Kew I feel the want of 

 association with my brother Naturalists, especially of such 

 men as yourself, Busk, 1 Henfrey, 2 Carpenter, 3 and Darwin, 

 we never meet except by pure accident and seldom then as 

 Naturalists, and if we want to introduce a mutual friend 

 it is only by a cut and thrust into one another's business 

 hours it is the same thing with our publications ; they 

 are sown broadcast over the barren acres of Journals and 

 other periodicals which none of us can afford to buy and 

 then weed : if either the Linnean or Koyal could be made 

 to stand in the same relation to Nat. Historians that the 

 Geological does to Geologists [&c.] great good would accrue, 



1 George Busk (1807-86) studied at the College of Surgeons and entered 

 the naval medical service in 1832, leaving it in 1855 for purely scientific pur- 

 suits, chiefly microscopic work on the Bryozoa, and later, palseontological 

 osteology. He became F.R.C.S. in 1843 and President in 1871, as well as 

 serving on its board of examiners. For twenty-five years also he was examiner 

 in physiology and anatomy for the Indian army and navy medical services. 

 He did much public work as Treasurer of the Royal Institution, Hunterian 

 Professor and Trustee, and Fellow of the Linnean, Koyal, Geological, and Zoo- 

 logical Societies, receiving the Royal and Wollaston Medals, and was President 

 of the Microscopical and Anthropological Societies, and edited various scientific 

 journals. A close personal friend of both Hooker and Huxley, he was one of 

 the nine friends who made up the X Club. 



* Arthur Henfrey (1819-59) succeeded Edward Forbes in the botanical 

 chair at King's College in 1853. His original writings, translations and 

 editorial work did much for education and physiological botany. 



3 William Benjamin Carpenter (1813-85) was ' one of the last examples 

 of an almost universal naturalist,' especially in the direction of marine zoology 

 and deep sea exploration. His most notable work was in Physiology, his 

 Principles of General and Comparative Physiology (1839) being the first English 

 book containing adequate conceptions of a science of biology. His Principles 

 of Mental Physiology takes first place among his researches into the relations 

 between mind and body, including suggestion and the unconscious activity of 

 the brain. He came to London in 1844, when he was elected F.R.S. and held 

 various chairs of Physiology, and was Examiner in Physiology and Comparative 

 Anatomy at the University of London, until elected Registrar, 1856-79. 



