202 ORGANOGRAPHY. BOOK I. 



Many-celled, many-seeded, superior, indehiscent ; indurated or woody exter- 

 nally, pulpy internally. 



Examples. Omphalocarpus, Adansonia, Crescentia. 

 B. Pericarpium flesliy. 



XXI. Tryma. — (Tryma, Watson.) 



Superior, by abortion one-celled, one-seeded, with a two-valved indehiscent 

 endocarpium, and a coriaceous or fleshy valveless sarcocarpium. 

 Example. Juglans. 



XXII. NucuLANiuM. — (Nuculanium, Rich; "Bacca, Desvaux.) 



Two or more celled, few or many-seeded, superior, indehiscent, fleshy, of 

 the same texture throughout, containing several seeds, improperly called 

 nucules by the younger Richard. This differs scarcely at all from the berry, 

 except in being superior. 



Examples. Grape, Achras. 



XXIII. IIesi'eridium (Hesperidium, Desv. Rich.) 



Many-celled, few-seeded, superior, indehiscent, covered by a spongy separ- 

 able rind; the cells easily separable from each other, and containing a mass of 

 pulp, in which the seeds are imbedded. The pulp is formed by the cellular 

 tissue, which forms the lining of the cavity of the cells : this cellular tissue is 

 excessively enlarged and succulent, is filled with fluid, and easily coheres into 

 a single mass. The external rind is by M. De Candolle supposed to be an 

 elevated discus of a peculiar kind, analogous to that within which the fruit of 

 Nelumbium is seated ; and perhaps its separate texture and slight connexion 

 with the cells of the fruit seem to favour this supposition. But it is diflScult 

 to reconcile with such an hypothesis the continuity of the rind with the style 

 and stigma, which is a sure indication of the identity of their origin ; and it is 

 certain that the shell of the ovarium and the pericarpiimi are the same. The 

 most correct explanation of this structure is to consider the rind a union of the 

 epicarp and sarcocarp, analogous to that of the drupa. 



Example. Orange. 



Sect. 2. Fruit inferior. 



A. Pericarpium dry. 



XXIV. Glans (Glans, Linn-, Desv-: Calybio, Mirb. ; Nucula, Desvaiix), 



fig. \65. 



One-celled, one or few-seeded, inferior, indehiscent, hard, dry ; proceeding 

 from an ovarium containing several cells and several seeds, all of which are 

 a))ortive but one or two ; seated in that kind of persistent involucre called 

 a cupule. The pericarpium is always crowned with the remains of the teeth 

 of the calyx ; but they are exceedingly minute, and are easily overlooked. 

 Sometimes the gland is solitary, and quite naked above, as in the common oak ; 

 sometimes there is more than one completely enclosed in the cupule, as the 

 beech and sweet chestnut. 



Exatnples. Quercus, Corylus, Castanea. 



XXV. Cypsela (Akena, Necker ; Akenium, Rich.; Cypsela, Mirh. ; Ste- 



phanoum, Desv.), fig. 148, H9. 

 One-seeded, one-celled, indehiscent, with the integuments of the seed not 

 cohering with the endocarpium ; in the ovarium state evincing its compound 

 nature by the presence of two or more stigmata ; but nevertheless unilocular 



