the O.A.C. No. 72 Oats, a selected strain of the 

 loenafToat, white with a pinkish tinge, of fine quaUty and a 

 high yielder; the O.A.C. No. 3 Oat, a selected strain of the 

 Daubeney, and an early variety. 



Macdonald College has developed by selection the 

 Quebec Yellow Corn, an early strain of flint corn, the No. 

 12, 11 strain of Yellow Intermediate mangel, and the 

 No. 90, 1 1 strain of the Purple Topped Bangholm swede. 



Canada has also produced several valuable varieties of 

 fruits. The Mcintosh Red Apple originated as a seedling 

 of the Fameuse, and the Herbert raspberry as a seedling of 

 the Cuthbert. 



Grain Breeding in Sweden 



The "single ear" method of Le Couteur and Shireff, 

 the British breeders, has been adopted by the Swedish 

 breeders at Svalof as the basis of their selection for hybrid- 

 izing experiments. They had, however, the advantage 

 over the early breeders of a knowledge of Mendel's work. 

 According to the law of Segregation, they knew that the 

 second generation (Fa) contains all the types, result- 

 ing from a cross. Their procedure was as follows: "Two 

 known sorts are crossed and the whole progeny from all 

 second and succeeding generations is sown together en 

 masse'' (Newman). 



By this method the breeder and Nature together elimi- 

 nate thexinfit combinations and select the superior types. 

 For several generations, five or more, the cultures are "ro- 

 gued", when preliminary tests for yield are made and the 

 field trials begun. 



At Svalof, therefore, new varieties of wheat have been 

 originated by selection and crossing. " Pansar " and " Fyl- 

 gia" are the best varieties in use at the present time. The 

 following diagram shows their origin. 



Native Swedish (Sammet) English Square head 



0516 



Kotte X Grenadiei II 



"Pansar." (0801) 



158 



