xiv.] PRIMATES. 227 



forming an epiphysis. This extremity is attached to the 

 presternum by synovial articulation, but with a disk-like 

 fibro-cartilage (ost) interposed, which, according to Parker, 

 is a degeneration of the " omostemal " element. 



In the Gorilla the scapula is very like that of Man. In 

 the Chimpanzee it is peculiarly elongated, the suprascapular 

 margin being extremely oblique and long, at the expense 

 of the greatly reduced coracoid border. The acromion and 

 coracoid are largely developed. In the lower Monkeys the 

 form of the scapula is quite different, the coracoid and 

 glenoid borders being nearly equal, and the suprascapular 

 border comparatively short and straight. 



The clavicle is well developed in all, and all its correlates 

 are present; the omosternum being generally converted 

 during growth into a fibro-cartilaginous intra-articular disk. 



In the various members of the Order Insectivora there is 

 a great difference in the construction of the shoulder girdle. 



In the Mole {Talpa) and its immediate allies Scalops and 

 Condyiura, the scapula is extremely high and narrow, and 

 appears to be ossified entirely from one centre. The spine 

 and acromion are very little developed. The bone commonly 

 called clavicle, but which may be a combination of coracoid 

 and clavicle, is of remarkable form, being nearly cuboid. It 

 is formed primitively of a mass of cartilage, on the anterior 

 aspect of which the true (membrane-developed) clavicle is 

 engrafted. It articulates inferiorly with the presternum, and 

 superiorly with the humerus, and is connected with the 

 scapula only by a fibrous band. The two articulations of 

 the upper end of the humerus, the one with the scapula, and 

 the other with the coraco-clavicle, are separated by a strong 

 ligamentous partition. 



In the Cape Golden Mole (Chrysochloris) the condition of 

 these parts is quite different. The scapula is long and 



Q 2 





