258 THE MANUS. [chap. 



one end only, this being the distal end of the metacarpals 

 (except the first), and the proximal end of the first metacarpal 

 and of all the phalanges. In many of the Cetacea epiphyses 

 are found at both ends of the bones, and the same takes 

 place regularly in the Elephant Seal (Macrorhinus pro- 

 boscided), and occasionally in some other Mammals. 



In Man the carpus (see Fig 86) is short and broad. Its 

 upper border, by which it articulates with the radius, forms a 

 regular curve, with the convexity upwards. It has the three 

 bones of the proximal row — the scaphoid (s), lunar (/), and 

 cuneiform (c) — distinct ; also the usual four bones of the 





FlG. 86. — Bones of the right human carpus, £. .s scaphoid ; / lunar ; c cuneiform ; 

 tin trapezium; td trapezoid; /// magnum; u unciform; p pisiform; I— v the 

 metacarpals. 



distal row, but no central. There is a well-developed rounded 

 ulnar sesamoid (the pisiform bone,/) which articulates by a 

 smooth facet with the cuneiform, but no radial sesamoid. 

 The trapezium (////) has a saddle-like articular surface for the 

 moveable first metacarpal. The magnum (;;/), as its name 

 implies, is the largest bone — rather an exceptional condition 

 among Mammals ; it has a large rounded part or head 

 projecting upwards and fitting into a concavity in the distal 

 surface of the bones of the proximal row. The unciform 

 (//) has a strong hook-like process from its palmar surface 

 curved towards the radial side. 



