partial!)- dioecious, 5 mm. Cal3'x minute with 5-6 teeth, petals wanting ; stamens 

 6-8, divergent ; disc with wavy lobes ; ovary with 3-4 loculi, basal placentation, and 



1 ovule per loculus. Fruit globose, i in. long, 1-2 seeded, indehiscent : seed wiih 

 pulpy (edible) aril, storing oil. 



As examples of smaller families, based on tree-forms familiar in the N. Temp, 

 forests, and presenting representative species, cf. — 



Ilex dipyrena (Aquifoliaceae), a type very similar to Ilex Aquifolium, in 

 valleys of NW. Himalya ; flowers greenish-white, diclinous, tetramerous, but usually 



2 carpels only, ovules i per loculus, pendulous with raphe external, hence fruit 

 usuall}' wiih 2 pyrenae. 



Euonymus Hamiltonianus (Celastraceae), also a typical Eiionymus, as a 

 small tree of outer Himalya: tetramerous type of construction, flowers 8 mm. diam. : 

 disc broad over centre of flower. Fruit deeply 4-lobed, and seeds with crimson arils. 



Acer pietum {= cidtraium) Aceraceae, a typical i\Iaple of NW. Himalya; 

 a large deciduous tree, with palmate very acutely lobed leaves and early-flowering 

 corymbose panicles. In fruit the 2 carpel-wings diverge widely in the same line, 

 and turn bright red. 



Cf. A. caesium, a large deciduous tree of W. Himalya; fruit-wings only slightly 

 divergent; also as representative species, A. Camphdli of E. Himalya, flowers in 

 narrow panicles, and carpel-wings diverging i in. with broad rounded ends. 



Anaeardiaceae (58/500), based on Anacardium with its peculiar fruit. A great 

 group of important tropical trees (cf. Ehus of N. Temp.) segregated by the limiting 

 reduction of the gynoecium of 5-3 carpels to output of one usually pendulous ovule 

 only. Tlie flowers are of typical small Discifloral habit, greenish-white, panicled, 

 fly-pollinated; the stamens 10-5 (or reduced), and the carpels practically free, or 

 traced only in the siigma-lobes. The seeds are exalbuminous and the cotyledons 

 store fatty oil. Acrid juice, lacquer, and resin are characteristic products. 



Anacardium occidentale of S. Ainer., cult. (Cashew Nut): Panicles of small 

 yellow-pink flowers; petals linear, stamens 10, the one over sepal no. i longer and 

 fertile, the others reduced and sterile. Fruit a kidney-shaped drupe (i in.) on an 

 orange or crimson enlarged receptacle (' hypocarp '), 2-3 in., edible, and dispersed by 

 birds. Pericarp with acrid blistering oil. 



Semecarpus Anacardium, Marking Nut : panicles of small flowers ; drupe, 

 I in., purple-black with orange hypocarj) (edible): pericarp with acrid juice. 



Mangifera indica, Mango, indig. to Bui ma and moist hill-forest, cult, in 

 vars. and grafted : panicles of greenish-white flowers, 5 mm. ; majority staminate, few 

 hermaphrodite, with only i fertile >tamen, and 4 others reduced and sterile. Drupe 

 2-6 in., yellow, with one great seed in fibrous sclerocarp; cotyledons with fat-storage, 

 germination hypogeal. 



Buchanania latifolia, conspicuous small tree, 50 ft., of deciduous forest with 

 Sal, and in Burma : characteristic faceted bark : flowers in tomentose panicles, 

 small, 5 mm., greenish-while ; stamens 10, carpels 5, one fertile and oihers as rudi- 

 ments. Fruit a drupe, \ in., edible, with bony sclerocarp. 



Spondias mangifera, a large tree of deciduous forest, and planted ; fruit large 

 in manner of Mango, edible and taken by deer. 



Melanorrhoea usitata, characteristic large deciduous tree of Eng forest 

 (Black lacquer) : in fruit the petals grow to 5 ' wings ', 2-4 in. long, pink when 

 growing and suggesting flowers, spinning freely. Fruit a dry nut on a distinct 

 ' stalk ' internode. 



Swintonia floribunda, conspicuous tree in hill-forest (Chittagong), of similar 

 habit in fruit ; Nut elongated, not ' stalked ', with 5 petal spinning-wings, purple, 

 ultimately 2 in. long. 



Odina Wodier, a large spreading tree of deciduous forest of India (with Sal) 

 and Burma, cult.; Flowers in feathery whiiish panicles, small, monoecious: carpellary 

 flowers with sterile stamens. Drupe \ in., taken by birds. 



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