Angiosp : Dicot : Pol)'pet : Thalamifl : Cistiflorae, II. IV. 



A divergent series of the Cistifloral alliance segregating families in which the 

 gynoecium presents predominant a.xik placcntation, while the residual carpels are 

 retained as free styles, stigmatic lobes, or may be wholly suppressed. Several large 

 orders of tropical trees, with special characters in other respects are provisionally 

 included. 



I. Guttiferae (43/820), including Hypericaceae of N. Temp. : otherwise essen- 

 tially of tropical evergreen forest with characteristic gum-resins, and the vegetative 

 shoots with opposite and entire foliage-leaves. The flowers are large and solitary, 

 or small and panicled, ranging to extreme phases of the type of tetramery, dicliny, 

 reduction of ovules per loculus, to the limit of output of one seed per flower. The 

 fruits are commonly indehiscent, dry, or drupaceous ; but in some cases dehiscing 

 capsules are still retained, cf. :— 



Hypericum calycinum (Hort.), giving a good idea of the full type of floral 

 organization (as available indigenous species of the genus illustrate reduction in size 

 and numbers of carpels and stamens). Large blossoms 4 in. diam., terminate woody 

 shoots with persistent, simple, gland-dotted foliage-leaves, more or less D.V. in 

 habit by the twisting of internodes alternately : 



Floivers aclinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous ; calyx of 5 sepals, 

 obviously quincuncial : corolla of 5 flimsy yellow petals, convolute in prefloration ; 

 each with notch, firm outside edge in bud, and crumpled inner lobe : tassel-type 

 of flow'er giving pollen only : Androeciiim of 500 stamens, in 5 distinct antipetalous 

 groups shed separately; filaments slender, 2.5 mm., anthers small: ovary conoidal, 

 10 mm., of 5 carpels, with free styles, 15 mm., diverging among the stamens, 

 antisepalous : stigmas presented at same distance from a.xis as the pollen : ovary 

 5-locular; placcntation axile below (parietal above apex of floral axis), with T-headed 

 placentas meeting in centre, and many small ovules. Capsule 20 mm., dehiscing 

 in upper portion by 5 valves (each taking a style) ; seeds 2 mm., with small straight 

 embryo, and endosperm storing fat. 



Garcinia Maugostana, as a diclinous variant (genus of 180 sp.); evergreen 

 tree, 60 ft., with coriaceous leaves, in general trop. cult. (Mangosieen). Flowers 

 solitary, axillary, or 1-2. Stamiiiale flower rare. Carpellary plant cult, and self- 

 setting : usually tetramerous in calyx and corolla, 2 in. diam., ovary 5-8 locular, 

 stigma peltately lobed : seeds in white pulp of dark-purple fruit with thick resinous 

 hard lind, 2-3 in. diam. 



G. Morella, S. Ind. and Ceylon, cult, for gum-resin (Gamboge), cL G. Hanhwyi; 

 of Siam : flowers small, greenish-white, f in. diam., diclinous and tetramerous; 

 staminate flower with a short 4-sided ' column ', bearing many short-stalked mono- 

 thccic anthers : carpellary flower with staminodes and a 4-I0C. ovary : fruit | in. diam., 

 with 4 seeds. 



Calophyllum Inophyllum, evergreen tree of S. Ind. coast-forest, cult. ; leaves 

 entire, elliptic, shining coriaceous, with closely parallel lateral veins : flowers diclinous, 



1 in. diam., cream-white and fragrant, tetramerous : staminate flower with stamens in 

 4-6 clusters and aborted ovary : carpellary flower similar in diagram, 2 inner sepals 

 larger. Staminal ' bundles ' antipet. ; ovary of 2 carpels, with 2-lobed stigma and 

 cavity uniloc, with one basal anatropous ovule. Fruit a yellow drupe, \\ in. diam., 

 taken by bats, &c. 



C. elatum {tomailosuni) Poon Spar tree of S. Ind., to 150 ft., evergreen forest of 

 W. Ghals. Flowers in panicles, 2 inner sepals petaloid. 



Poeciloneuron indicum. of S. Ind. evergreen forest, more or less gregarious. 

 Flowers pentamerous, stamens 16-20, anthers remarkably 6-10 septate in loculi 

 transversely : ovary of 2 carpels, 2 ovules in each loculus. Fruit | m. dehiscing by 



2 valves, I -seeded. 



Mesua ferrea, evergreen forest-tree of E. Bengal and Assam, much planted : 



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