Flowers offer pollen only ; fruit a large dry bristl)- capsule (40 mm. by 30) opening by 2 

 valves along commissural lines. Seeds 20-25 on each placenta, with red succulent 

 investment of papillose testa : endosperm stores starch. 



Cochlospermum Gossypium, a small deciduous tree with soft spongy wood, 

 of dry stony hill-tracls, the leaves large and palmately lobed, and flowers yellow! 

 4-5 in. diam. (suggestive of Cotton-plant). Stamens about 150, and 5 deep, on 

 slender filaments : ovary sub-globular, 6 mm., unilocular with 5 enlarged placentas, 

 each with several rows of ovules (in the manner of a Poppy). Style slender, project- 

 ing beyond the stamen-cluster. In fruit the ovary enlarges to a fragile pear-shaped 

 capsule, 3-4 in., and the seeds are clothed with long silky packing hairs, wind- 

 dispersed. A remarkable xerophytic type, convergent with Gossypium of Malvales. 



Reduced forms with dioecism have been referred to Flacourtiaceae (70/500), 



riaeourtia Eamontehi, a small tree of dry hill districts, with thorny branches 

 and small deciduous foliage-leaves. Staminate flowers small and apelahus; sepals 

 4-5, stamens indefinite, with a glandular extra-staminal disc-nectary and no ovary. 

 Carpellary flower with ovary of 5-1 1 carpels, placentas meet in centre. Fruit an 

 edible drupe, \ in., dark-red, pyrenae in two tiers, bird-dispersed. 



Hydnocarpus Wighiiana, a tall tree of moist forest of W. Ghais and S. India : 

 flowers white, i in. diam., dioecious and irregular in construction ; stamens 5, stigmas 

 and parietal placentas 3-6. In fruit the ovary enlarges to a spherical hard^and 

 woody shell, 2-4 in. diam., indehiscent, with many large irregular seeds, | in., with 

 oily endosperm. 



Taractogcnos Kinzii may be included in the same genus. 



III. Capparidaceae (34/450) includes some woody shrubs and climbers by 

 stipular thorns. Flowers tetramerous in calyx and corolla, and more or less z)'go- 

 morphic. Originally based on the Mediterranean — 



Capparis spinosa, Caper, cult.; corolla cruciform, large and showy, 2-3 in., 

 white and pink later: fugacious, butterfly pollinated with tassel of stamens'(6o-i 20). 

 The ovary is extended beyond the anthers on a \ov\g gynophore (50 mm.), and there is 

 no style : gynoecium based on 6-8 carpels, with prominent parietal placentas meeting 

 in centre of cavity. Fruit 1-3 in., seeds imbedded in pulpy septa. A highly special- 

 ized type in floral construction and biology; as in the parallel Crucifer, the carpels 

 are obsolete and the stigma-lobes commissural and secondar\-. 



Cl. C. aphylla. a small tree (20 ft.) of dry regions; flowers red; i in. over 

 all ; leaves small and shed in hot season. Fruit a red succulent berry, \ in. diam., 

 on gynophore stalk, i in., taken by birds. 



C. horrida, scrambling by thorns in hedges, and to a great height. Flowers 

 pink or white, 1-2 in. diam.. produced en masse. Fruit globose, i in. diam. 



Crataeva religiosa, a small deciduous tree (50-60 l"t.) in damp situations and 

 cult. ; flowers of typical Capparid habit, pink or yellow, in short terminal racemes, 

 2 in. diam.: the diagonal petals reflexed posteriorly in zygomorphic presentation; 

 androecium of 12-20 stamens, filaments 35 mm. ; mechanism sternotribal : gynoe- 

 cium based on 2 carpels, placentas meet m centre and bear many rows of ovules ; 

 gynophore bent forward, 35 mm.: neciar}-' disc ' as cup-formation, 8 mm. diam. 

 Fruit a sub-globular ' berry', indehiscent, many-seeded, 1-2 in. diam., with hard rind. 



IV. Moringaeeae (1/3) a small order founded for: — 



Moriiig-a pterygosperma, a small deciduous tree of Sub-Himalya forest-zone, 

 much cult. : leaves large, bipinnate, with small leaflets ; flowers in panicled S3Stems, 

 of highly specialized type, in the manner of Capparids but pentamerous with a long 

 style. Markedly zygomorphic, with nototribal mechanism, i in. diam., white dotted 

 yellow, fragrant. Stamens 10-12 ; 3 posterior together with 4 alternating staminodes, 

 unite below to a shield-piece over ovary. Gynoecium a stalked pod from the base of 

 the perigynous receptacle- cup, 4 mm., uniloc, with 3 parietal placentas and many 

 ovules. Style 4 mm., and stigma with 6 minute lobes. Fruit a long pendulous pod, 



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