Newfoundland 
part cargo pipes of port wine, for which St. 
John’s is also celebrated. The climate of the 
place is said to have a great effect on the satis- 
factory maturing of the wine. The cod are found 
on the famous banks that lie some miles from the 
land, and are caught with long lines, called 
** trots,’? which have hundreds of hooks on them 
baited with squid. The fish are cleaned, split 
open, and salted, at the place of their catching, 
and are then brought ashore to be laid out on 
grilles of wood to dry in the sun and air. The 
livers are saved, and thrown into large tubs where 
they remain until they are more or less de- 
composed. The oil in them then rises to the 
surface, when it is skimmed off with shallow 
ladles. The best quality of this oil, as every one 
knows, is used as a medicine in debility and 
pulmonary diseases, whilst the lower grades are 
employed principally by tanners. 
31 
