COLEOPTERA. *> 



Studded with papillae, whicli M. Dufour has ascertained to be bursse, 

 intended for retaining the alimentary fluid. The biliary vessels in 

 number, and the manner of their insertion, resemble those of the 

 carnivorous Coleoptera, but are much longer and more slender, 



We will divide this family into two tribes *. In the first, or that 

 of the ScARABiEiDEs, we find the antennas terminating in a foliaceous 

 and generally plicatile ckib, and composed in others of joints that fit 

 into each other, either in the form of a reversed cone or nearly glo- 

 bular. The mandibles are identical or almost similar in both sexes, 

 but the head and thorax of the males exhibit peculiar projections or 

 eminences; sometimes also their antennse are more developed. This 

 tribe | corresponds with the genus 



ScARAB^us, Lin. 



The alimentary canal is generally much longer than that of the La- 

 mellicornes of the following tribe or the Lucanides, and the cesopha- 

 gus is proportionally much shorter. The adipose tissue, or the 

 epiploon, is generally almost reduced to nothing, whilst here it is well 

 marked. But it is chiefly by the genital apparatus of the males that 

 the Scarabaeides are distinguished, not only from the latter, but also 

 from all other Pentamera. Their testes, according to the observa- 

 tions of M. Dufour, consist of spermatic capsules — tufts according to 

 M. Cuvier — which are tolerably large, very distinct and pendiculated; 

 the number varies according to the genus. 



The larvae — Cuv., Regn. Anim. — have a cylindrical stomach sur- 

 rounded by three ranges of little caeca, a very short small intestine, 

 an extremely thick, turgid colon, and a moderate rectum. 



We will divide this genus into several small sections established on 

 characters drawn from the organs of manducation, antennae, and 

 habits ; divisions, the distinction of which has been confirmed by the 

 researches of M. Dufour. 



The CopROPHAGi or the Scarabaeides of our first section usually 

 have their antennae composed of nine joints, and of eight in the 

 others, the three last forming the club. The labrum and mandibles 

 are membranous and concealed. The terminal lobe of the maxillae 

 is also of the same nature, wide and arcuated at the superior margin 

 and curved inwards. The last joint of the maxillary palpi is always 

 the largest and almost oval or nearly cylindrical ; but the same of the 

 labial palpi is almost always more slender than the preceding ones, 

 or very small. Behind each of the latter palpi there is a membranous 



* The anatomy is so different, according to M. Dufour, that these two tribes 

 should constitute as many families. The sections would then become tribes, and 

 some of their divisions so many principal genera — Copris, Aphodius, Geotrupes, ScU' 

 rahceus, Rutela, Melolontha, Glaphyrus, and Cetonia for the first tribe. 



t III thus retaining the primitive extent of this division, we have acted in con- 

 formity with our first edition ; we still think, however, that although we may reject 

 several of the genera established in modern times, there are some that must be re- 

 ceived ; such in general are th'Dse of Fabricius, 



B 2 



