252 INSKCTA, 



general characters of this tribe, in the superior wings, which are 

 extended, and in the number of their cubital cells, of which there 

 are but two. In addition to this, the labial palpi are longer than 

 those of the maxillae. 



But four species are yet known, two of which are from the 



Cape of Good Hope, "and the remainder from the south of 



Europe ; one of these latter — the ludtanicns — appears to us to 



be allied by its natural affinities to Masaris*. 



In all the following subgenera the superior wings are folded, and 



present three complete cubital cells. 



Sometimes the mandibles are m\ich longer tlian broad, and approxi- 

 mated anteriorly in the form of a rostrum. The ligula is narrow 

 and elongated ;" the clypeus is almost cordiform or oval, with the 

 j)oint anterior and more or less truncated. 



They are all solitary, and each species consists of males and 

 females. The females provide for their young before they are hatched, 

 and for the whole time that they are to remain in the state' of larvae. 

 The nests of the latter are usually formed of earth and sometimes 

 hidden in holes of walls, in the ground, or old wood, and sometimes 

 exposed on plants. Each of them contains caterpillars or other 

 larvae, killed by the sting of the mother, who heaps them up in a 

 circle for the use of her descendants. 



Synagris, La<. Fah., 

 Where the ligula is divided into four long and plumose threads, 

 without glanular points at their extremity. The mandibles of some 

 males are very large, and resemble horns. 



But few species are known, and all peculiar to Africa. f 



EuMENEs, Lat. Fah., 



Where the ligula is divided into three pieces, glandular at the 



extremity, the intermediate one the largest, widened at the end, 



cordiform, and emarginated or bi.*id. 



In some the abdomen is ovoid or conical, and thickest at base. 

 Such are 



Pterochile, Kliic], 

 Remarkable for very long lips, and maxillae forming a sort of 

 proboscis bent underneath, and also distinguished by the labial palpi, 

 which are bristled with long hairs, and consist of but three distinct 

 joints.^ 



Odynerus, Lat., 

 To which we may re-unite the Rrjgchice of M. Spinola, where these 

 parts of the moutli are much shorter, and where the labial palpi are 

 almost glabrous, with four apparent divisions. 



The female of a species of this division — Vespa muraria, L. ; 

 Reaum., Mem. VI, xxvi, 1 — 10, makes a hole in the sand or 



* Lat., Consid. Gener. sur I'Ordre des Crust., des Arach., et des Insect., 339 ; 

 Kliig, Entom. Monog. 219, et seq. 



t Synuffris cornuta, Lat., Gener. Crust, et Insect., IV, p. 135; Fab., Syst. 

 Piezat. ; Drury, Insect., II, xlviii, 3, the male ;— Vespa valida, L. ; — V. heemorr- 

 fioidalis, Fab. 



X Panz., Hymen., p. 146; Vesp.phalarata,Favin, Insect. Germ. XLVII, 21. 



