LEPIDOPTERA. 279 



lated spots, bordered with a red circle and a blacH one, on the 

 inferior wings. 



The caterpillar lives on the Seduni telephium, on the Saxi- 

 fraga, &c. It is of a velvet-black with a series of red dots on 

 each side, and another on the back. The chrysalis is rounded, 

 of a blackish green sprinkled with white or bluish ♦. 



Thais, Fab. 

 The palpi of the Parnassii, but the terminal button of the antennae 

 elongated and curved ; no corneous pouch at the posterior extremity 

 of the abdomen of the female. 



The caterpillars, as it appears, liave no retractile tentaculum. 



The species are peculiar to the soiith of Europe, and some of 

 them to the mountains f . 

 There, the inferior Avings project under the abdomen ,forming a 

 groove for it. 



The caterpillars have no tentaculum. Several live on the Cruci- 

 gerse. 



These Lepidoptera — P. Danai candidi, L.—^form two subgenera. 



PiERis, Schr. — PoNTiA, Fab., 

 Where the inferior palpi are almost cylindrical, and slightly com- 

 pressed, with the last at least almost as long as the preceding; the 

 club of the antennae is ovoid |. 



CoLiAs, Fab., 

 Where that club forms an elongated and reversed cone, and the infe-- 

 rior palpi are strongly compressed, with the last joint much shorter 

 than the preceding one §. 



In the other Papilios of the same division — Tetrapodo — the two 

 anterior legs are much shorter than the others, folded, non-ambula- 

 tory in both sexes, and sometimes in the males only. The chrysalis 

 is simply suspended vertically by the posterior extremity. 



Sometimes the anterior legs, though folded and smaller than the 

 others, diifer from them but little. The inferior wings, of which 

 the central cell is always closed posteriorly, but slightly clasp the 

 abdomen in most of them. The inferior palpi are distant, slender, 

 cylindrical, and generally very short. All the subgenera of this sub- 

 division are foreign to Europe. 



We distinguish the Danaides — Danais ; Eiiploea, Fab. ; part of the 

 P. danai festivi, L. — by their triangular wings and their antennae 

 terminated by a kind of elongated and curved button || ; the Ideae — 

 Idea, Fab.— rby their almost oval and elongated wings, and nearly 



* See Godart, Ibid., and Encyc. Method., article PapiUon, genus Parnassien. 



■y The P. ht/sipyle, rvmina, Fab. See also the works before quoted. 



X Here comes the Lepidoptera, designated by the general name of Brassicarije, 

 such as the P. brassiere, L., P. raper, L., P. napi, L., P. dupUdice, L., P. sinapis, L., 

 P. cardumines, L., &c., nearly all of which appear early in the spring. 



§ P. Hy(de, L. ; — P. rhamni, L. ; — P. Cleopatra, &c. See the works already 

 quoted. 



II Lat., Gener. Crust, et Insect., IV, 201; Encyc. Method., Insect. IX, article 

 PapiUon, genus Dana'ide. 



