LEPIDOPTERA. 



281 



V. niorio ; Papilio Antiopa, L. ; Godart, Hist. Nat. des Lepid 

 de France, I, 5, 1. Wings angular, of a deep purple-black, with 

 a yellowisli or whitish band on the posterior margin, and a suite 

 of blue spots above. 



Its caterpillar is blackish, spinous, and has a range of red, 

 square, divided spots along the back. It feeds on the leaves of 

 the Birch, Poplar and willow, where it lives in society. It ap- 

 pears at two periods. 



V. lo ; papilio lo, L. ; Godart, Ibid., I, 5, 2. Wings angular 

 and dentated, reddish-fulvous above, with a large ocellated spot 

 on each ; that of the superior wings reddish in the centre and sur- 

 rounded with a yellowish circle ; the one on the inferior black- 

 ish, surrounded by a grey circle, and enclosing bluish spots ; 

 under surface of the wings blackish. 



Its caterpillar is black, dotted with white, and covered with 

 hairy spines. On the Nettle. 



V. cardui, Papilio cardui, L.; Godart, Ibid., I, 5, sect 2. 

 Wings dentated ; above red, and varied with black and white ; 

 beneath marbled with grey, yellow, and brown ; five ocellated 

 and bluish spots on their margin. 



The caterpillar lives solitaiy on the Thistle. It is sometimes 

 brownish with yellow stripes, and sometimes russet with trans- 

 verse yellow bands. It is spinous. The perfect Insect only 

 appears towards the close of the summer. 



V. Atalanta ; Papilio Atalanta, L. ; V. Vulcain, Godart, Ibid. 

 I, 6, 1. Wings dentated, somewhat angular; above black, tra- 

 versed by a beautiful red band, and Avith white spots on the su- 

 perior ones ; marbled with various colours beneath. 



The caterpillar is black, spinous, and has a suite of lemon- 

 coloured lines on each side. It lives on the Nettle, prefers the 

 seeds, and remains hidden on the top of the plant among the 

 leaves, which it rolls up and secures with silk. 



The same division includes various other species, very com- 

 mon in France, such as the V. polycMoros (^Papilio polychlo- 

 ros, L.), the V. urtic<s, (JR. uriicce, L.), the V. c. album (P. c. al- 

 bum, L.). The Chrysalis ot the latter bears a rude resemblance 

 to a luiman face or the mask of a Satyr *. 

 In the four following subgenera the antennae terminate in an elon- 

 gated club, or are almost filiform. 



The caterpillars are naked, or present but few spines. 



LiBYTHEA, Fab., 

 Where the males only have tlie two anterior legs very short and 

 resembling a sort of tippet. The inferior palpi project considerably, 

 in the manner of a rostrum. The superior wings are very angular f . 



BiBLis. — Melanitis, Fab., 

 Where those palpi are also longer than the head, but more obtuse 



* For the other species, see Godart, Ibid., and the Eacyc. Method., article Pa- 

 pillon, genus Vanesse. 



t See the works already quoted. 



VOL. IV. U 



