LEPIDOPTERA. 2§^ 



The caterpillar devours the root of the Hop, and is extremely 

 noxious in those districts where that plant is extensively cul- 

 tivated *. 



Cossus, Fab., 

 Where the antennae, at least as long as the thorax, present on their 

 inner side a range of small, lameliated teeth, short and rounded at the 

 end. 



The caterpillars live in the interior of trees, on which they feed ; 

 the cut fragments enter into the composition of their cocoon. The 

 chrysalis, at the moment the Insect is about to be developed, advances 

 to the mouth of the aperture through which it is to issue. 



C. ligniperda. Fab., Roes., Insect. I, class II, Pap. Noct. 

 XVIII. Rather more than an inch in length ; cinereous-grey, 

 with numerous small black lines on the upper wings, forming 

 little veins, mixed with Avhite; posterior extremity of the thorax 

 yellowish with a black line. 



The caterpillar, which is foimd in the spring, resembles a 

 thick worm; it is reddish, with transverse bands of blood-red. 

 It lives in the heart of the Willow and Oak, but particularly in 

 the Elm. It disgorges an acrid and fetid humour, contained in 

 spacious internal reservoirs, which it uses apparently to soften 

 the wood t- 



Stygia, Drap. — Bombyx, Hiib., 

 Where the antennae are furnished throughout their whole length 

 with a double series of short narrow teeth, dilated and rounded at the 

 end J. 



Sometimes the antennae vary greatly — according to the sex ; those 

 of the males are furnished inferiorly with a double range of hairs, 

 and terminated by a thread : those of the females are entirely simple, 

 but cottony at base. 



Zeuzera, Lat. — Cossus, Fah. 

 The caterpillar of a beautiful species — Cossus cesculi, Fab. — 

 with a white body, blue rings on the abdomen, and numerous 

 points of the same colour on the superior wings, lives in the 

 Apple and Pear trees, &c., and frequently in their very heart §. 

 Our second section, that of the Bombycites, is distinguished from 

 the preceding one and the third by the following characters : the pro- 

 boscis always very short, and merely rudimental ; wings either ex- 

 tended and horizontal or tectiform, but the lower ones extending 

 laterally beyond the others ; antennae of the males entirely pectinated. 



* For the other species see Fabricius, Esper, Engramelle, Hiibner, Godart, 

 Donovan, &c. 



f Add Cossus teretra, Fab. ; — Phaltma stnx, Cramer ; Cossus lifuratus, Donovon ; 

 — C. nebulosus, Donov. 



I Stygia ausfralis, Lat., Gener. 'Crust, et Insect., IV, 215; Godart, Hist. Nat. 

 ties Lepid de France, III, 169, xxii, 19. See also the Memoir of Villiers, already 

 mentioned, in the Ann. de la Soc. Lin de Par., V. North America produces another 

 •pecies. The antennae differ from those of a Cossus, so that this subgenus may be 

 retained ; the abdomen terminates in a little brush. 



§ Roes., Insect., Ill, xlviii. 5, 6 ; — Cossus pyrinus, Fab. ; C. scalaris, Ejusd. ; 

 Phalana scakris, Donov. ',—P, mineus, Ejusd. 



