DIPTERA. 341 



incumbent on it, arc thick, pilose, conical, compressed and biarticu- 

 latcd. The sucker inclosed in the proboscis is composed of six small 

 pieces, in the form of lancets, which, by their number and relative 

 situation, correspond to the parts of the mouth in the Colcoptera. 

 The wings are extended horizontally on each side of the body. The 

 alulae almost completely cover the halteres. The abdomen is trian- 

 gular and depressed. The tarsi are furnished with three pellets. 



These Insects begin to appear towards the close of spring, are very 

 common in the woods and pastures, and produce a liumming noise 

 when on the wing. They even pursue Man in order to suck his 

 blood. Beasts of burden, liaving no means of repulsing them, are 

 most exposed to their attacks, and arc sometimes seen covered with 

 blood from the wounds they inflict. The Insect mentioned by Bruce, 

 under the name of Tsallsalya, which is dreaded even by the Lion, 

 may possibly belong to this germs. 



In some, the proboscis is much longer than tlie head, slender, 

 siphoniform, squamous, and usually terminated in a point, with the 

 jialpi very short in i^roportion to its length. The last joint of the 

 antennae is divided into eight annuli. They form the subgenus 



Pangonia, Led., Fab. — Tanyglossa, Meicj. 



These Insects are only found in hot climates, and feed on the nee 

 tar of flowers like the Bombylii *^. 



In the others the proboscis is shorter, or hardly longer than the 

 head, membranous, and terminated by two large lips; the length of 

 the palpi is at least equal to half that of the proboscis, and the last 

 joint of the antennae is divided into five or four rings. 



Sometimes the antennse are hardly longer than the head ; the last 

 joint, which is somewhat lunate and subulate, is divided into five 

 rings, the first very large with a tooth superiorly. They constitute 

 the subgenus 



Tabanus proper. 



To Avhich belongs that well-known species, 



T. bovinus, L.; Dc Gcer, Insect, VI, xii, 10, 11. An inch 

 long ; body brown above, grey beneath ; eyes green ; tibiie yel- 

 low ; transverse lines and triangular spots of pale yellow on the 

 abdomen ; wings transparent, with russet-brown nervures. 



The larva lives in fhe ground. It is elongated, cylindrical, 

 and attenuated towards the head, Avhich is armed with two 

 hooks. The annuli of the body (twelve) are marked Avith raised 

 cords. The nymph is naked, almost cylindrical, with two tu- 

 bercles on the front, cilia on the margin of the annuli, and six 



* Encyc. Method., article Pangonie. See also Meigeu and Wiedemann. 



Some species are destitute of oeelli, and form the genus Philoliche of Count 

 Hoffmansegg, Wied., Dipt., Exot., 54. Others in which the proboscis projects, as 

 in Pangonia, but ascends, where the palpi consist of three joints instead of two, and 

 the antenn?e resemble those of Tabanus proper, compose the genus Rhinomyia, 

 Wicd., lb., 69. 



Those, which he calls Raphiorhynchus and Acanthomera placsd by him be- 

 tween the preceding genus and Tabanus, according to our method, belong to the 

 family of the Notacanthi. 



