PEDICELLATA. 397 



Galerites, Lam. — Conulus, Kl., 



Have a flat base, from which their body rises in a cone or semi- 

 ellipsoid. The mouth is in the middle of the base, and the anus 

 near its margin. 



They are very common in the stony strata, but no living ones are 

 known. 



The most common species is the Ech. vulgaris, L.; Encyc, 

 153, 6, 7; Klein, Fr. edit., VII, D. G.* 



The number of bands in some is not quinaryf. 

 SCUTELLA, Lam., 

 Where the anus is between the mouth and the margin, the shell ex- 

 tremely depressed, flat underneath, and approaching to an orbicular 

 form. 



In some the shell is entire without any other openings than the 

 series of pores visible in all the Echini +. 



The shell is also without large orifices in others, but is bi-emar- 

 ginated§. 



In some again it is entire and traversed by large holes which do 

 not penetrate into its cavity ||. 



In others it is both traversed by these large holes, and emargi- 

 nated ^. 



Finally, in the Rotula, Kl., part of the posterior margin is fes- 

 tooned like a dentated wheel ; the Rotulae are also divided into those 

 which are traversed by large holes**, and those in which they are 

 wanting f f. 



Cassidulus, Lam. 



The Cassiduli are oval, with the anus situated above the margin as 

 in the Nucleolites, but are distinguished by their incomplete bands of 

 pores, that is, they do not extend from one pole to the other in the 

 figure of a star:|:J:. 



In other irregular Echini the mouth is not in the centre of their 

 base, but on one side, opening transversely and placed obliquely; the 

 anus is on the opposite side. They are also subdivided according to the 

 extent of the ranges of holes. 



» AM Ech. alho-galerus, L. ; Boiug., Petrif., LIII, 361 ; Encyc, 152, 5,6. 



■f- Ech. quadrifasciatus, Walcli., Monum., Dil. Supplem., IX, d, 3, and IX, g, 7 — 

 9; Encyc, 153, f. 10, 11 ; — Ech. scx/asciatus, Walch., Supplem., IX, g, 4, 6; Encyc, 

 153, f. 12 and 13. 



+ Ech., Encyc 146, 4, 5. 



§ Echinus aurifus, Seb., Ill, xv, 1, 2; Encyc, 151, 5, 6; — Ech. inauritus, Seh., 

 Ill, XV, 3, 4; Encyc, 152, 1, 2. 



II Echinus hexaporus, Seb., Ill, xv, 7, 8; Encyc, 149, 1, 2; — Ech. pentaporus, 

 Kl., Fr. Ed., XI, C; Encyc, 149, 3, 4; — Ech. bif oris, Encyc, 149,7, 8; — Ech. 

 emarginatus, Encyc, 150, 1, 2. 



% Ech. te/mporus, S^b., XV, 5, 6; Encyc. 148. 



** Ech. decadacti/hts, Encyc, 150, 5 — 6; — Ech. octodactylus, lb., 3, 4. 



tt Ech. orbiculus, Encyc, 151, 1 — 4. 



XX Cassidulus carihceorum. Lam., Encyc, 143, 8, 10; — Ech. lapis cancri, Kl., 

 XLIX, 10, 11; Encyc, 143, 6, 1 •,—Ech. patellaris, Kl., LIII, 5, 6, 7. 



