60 Spinning far Makseer. Cn.vrr. v. 



sions of countenance, or in audible words, that man cannot 

 follow. 



How does a bison tell its calf that it must run in front of the 

 herd and lead the pace, and having told it this, how does it make 

 it understand the line of country to be taken ? All this it does in 

 apparent silence, and you may observe the little one looking back 

 when in doubt for instructions. 



How does an antelope, on the approach of danger, tell its 

 little one, not yet old enough to run, to lie down instantly, and not 

 to stir for its life till called ? 



How does a sheep call its particular lamb out of a hundred, or 

 more, a great distance away, and that particular lamb comes at 

 once, and no others offer to move ? When it wants to reassure 

 its lamb, and to tell it not to come, it employs a very different 

 sound, and the lamb shows by its conduct that it comprehends. 



Tigers make very different noises when searching for their prey, 

 when apalling it, when rejoicing over it, when calling each other, 

 when angered. Man can distinguish the difference therein. But 

 there is doubtless much more means of intercommunion which 

 man cannot follow. For instanoe, tigers and wolves and wild dugs 

 not unfrequently hunt in concert, some lying in ambush, while 

 others beat towards them, and they must have conversed together 

 to preconcert the plan of the campaign. 



Birds also converse. See how constantly mynas are chattering 

 away to each other, especially the hill niyna (If /dates religiosd), and 

 swallows before migrating seem to be busily discussing some subject 

 or other. I presume it is their journey. Hooks hold great assem- 

 blages, and make much nose thereat, and the end of it all is 

 rational behaviour, for they are admittedly very learned about 

 various things, and are evidently not without rights of property in 

 last year's nests. They have also decisions executed by the 

 multitude in the cases of intruders or offending individuals. Indeed, 

 it is difficult to conceive how any creatures who habitually live in 

 collected numbers could possibly order their conduct so as to live 

 harmoniously, unless they had the power of freely interchanging 

 their ideas. 



How could the sociable grosbeak, or sociable weaver bird of 

 South Africa {PhUetcerus socivs) conjointly construct for the whole 

 colony one large umbrella-shaped collection of nests connected like 



