THE FAUNA OF THE MARITIME ZONE 277 



their prey. On holding another beetle to the hole the one 

 within would immediately seize it, and allow itself to be 

 dragged out rather than relinquish its hold. They appear 

 to be very ferocious, and from the number of elytra and 

 others parts about the sand it may be supposed that they 

 prey upon each other." 



Many beetles draw back before the tide, and return as it 

 recedes. These inhabit the shingle and masses of rolling 

 sea-weed, and are often mixed up with it. These are : 

 Liihocaris maritima, Filonthus fincicola, Homolati pnn- 

 ceps, Homolata plumbea, Tachyusa civida, Tachyusa sul- 

 cata, and Bryaxis waterhousii. 



Heaps of sea- weed just above high- water mark are very 

 productive of beetles. 



The curious Lymnc&um nigropiceum is found only amono; 

 shingle on the sea-shore. 



The sand close to the sea, even that which occasionally 

 covers, is the breeding ground of several beetles, such as 

 the beautiful " Tiger Beetles " (Cicindelw). 



Three species of these occur on the south coast. One 

 species (Cicindela hybrida) is abundant on the coast of 

 Lancashire and North Wales. C. germanica is found at 

 Yarmouth and Swansea. 



Anomala frischii is a large, bronze-coloured beetle, rather 

 rare, but to be found in sandy places near the sea. 



Otiorhynchus ligustici lives among the roots of the mari- 

 time plant Anthyllis vulneraria, and Centrorhynchus verru- 

 catus at the roots of the yellow horned poppy. 



The Hemiptera are represented by several species, the 

 most remarkable of which are : 



Riper sia Europcea. Common under stones in ants' 

 nests. 



Prostemma guttula, a very striking insect, with scarlet 

 legs and wings. 



Pyrrochoris aptera. This, also, is a striking form. It does 



