THE FLOWER 



135 



208 



210 



ing "in one brotherhood "), when united by their filaments into one 

 set, usually into a ring or cup below, or into a tube, as in the Mallow 

 family (Fig. 208), the Passion Flower (Fig. 202), and the Lupine 

 (Fig. 210). 



Diadelphous (meaning in two brother- 

 hoods), when united by the filaments into 

 two sets, as in the Pea and most of its near 

 relatives (Fig. 209), usually nine in one set, 

 and one in the other. 



Triadelplwus (three brotherhoods), when 

 the filaments are united in three sets or 

 clusters, as in most species of Hypericum. 



Pentad elplious (five brotherhoods), when in five sets, as in some 

 species of Hypericum and in American Linden. 



Polyadelphous (many or several brotherhoods) is the term generally 

 employed when these sets are several, or even more than two, and the 

 particular number is left unspecified. These terms all relate to the 

 filaments. 



Syngenesious is the term to denote that stamens have their anthers 

 united, coalescent into a ring or tube ; as in Lobelia, in Violets, and 

 in all of the great family of Composites (Fig. 211). 



272. Their number in a flower is commonly expressed directly, but 

 sometimes adjectivelyyJ>y a series of terms which were the names of 

 classes in the Linnsean artificial system, of which the following names, 



as also the preceding, are a survival : 



ij Monandrous, i.e. solitary-stamened, when the flower has only 



one stamen, 



Diandrous, when it has two stamens only, 

 Triandrous, when it has three stamens; and so on. 

 Didynamous, when, being only four, they form two pairs, 

 one pair longer than the other, as in the Trumpet Creeper, 

 in Gerardia, etc. 



Tetradynamous, when, being only six, four of them surpass the other 

 two, as in the Mustard flower and most of the Cruciferous Family 

 (Fig. 179). 



273. The Anther is said to be 



Innate (as in Fig. 212), when it is attached 

 by its base to the very apex of the filament, 

 turning neither inward nor outward; 



Adnate (as in Fig. 213), when attached as 

 it were by one face, usually for its whole length, 

 to the side of a continuation of the filament; and 



Versatile (as in Fig. 214), when fixed by or 

 near its middle only to the very point of the filament, so as to swing 

 loosely, as in the Lily, in Grasses, etc. Versatile or adnate anthers are 



I 



211 



213 214 



