268 



INDEX AXD GLOSSARY 



Perianth. The floral envelope, consisting of 

 the calyx and corolla (when present), what- 

 ever their form. 100, 110. 



Pericarp. The matured ovary. 147. 



Perigynium. The inflated sac which incloses 

 the ovary in Carex. 



Perigynous. Adnate to the perianth, and 

 therefore around the ovary and not at its 

 base. 130, 134. 



Persistent. Long-continuous, as a calyx 

 upon the fruit, leaves through winter, etc. 



Personate (corolla). Bilabiate, and the throat 

 closed by a prominent palate. 133. 



Petal. A division of the corolla. 110. 



Petaloid. Colored and resembling a petal. 



Petiolate. Having a petiole. 



Petiole, the footstalk of a leaf, 73; move- 

 ments of, 75 ; sleep movements, 75 ; uses, 

 74. 



Petiolule, 75. 



Peziza, 162, 190. 



Phaenogamous. Having flowers with stamens 

 and pistils and producing seeds. 13. 



Phloem, 222. 



Photosynthesis (Exp. 11), 66, 72. 



Photosynthetic assimilation, 235. 



Phyllocladiurn, 63. 



Phyllodium. A somewhat dilated petiole 

 having the form of and serving as a leaf- 

 blade. 76. 



Phyllotaxy, 89. 



Physiology (ch. xviii.), 229. 



Pileus, 194. 



Pilose. Hairy, especially with soft hairs. 



Pinna (pi. Pinnae). One of the primary di- 

 visions of a pinnate or compoundly pinnate 

 frond or leaf. 



Pinnate (leaf). Compound, with the leaflets 

 arranged on each side of a common petiole. 

 78, 97. 



Pinnatifid. Pin nately cleft. 96. 



Pinnule. A secondary pinna ; oneofthepin- 

 nately disposed divisions of a pinna. 



Pistil, 99, 104. 



Pistillate. Provided with pistils, and, in its 

 more proper sense, without stamens. 129. 



Pitcher Plants, 87. 



Pitted. Marked with small depressions or 

 pits. 



Placenta, 104. 



Placentation, types of, 105. 



Plasmolysis ( 350), 158, 256. 



Pleurococcus, 157, 171. 



Plicate. Folded into plaits, usually length- 

 wise. 



Plumose. Having fine hairs on each side, 

 like the plume of a feather, as the pappus- 

 bristles of Thistles. 



Plumule. The bud or growing point of the 

 embryo. 18. 



Pod Any dry and dehiscent fruit. 



Pollen, 100; grain, 116, 212; growth of, 117; 

 of Pines, 120 ; tube, 117. 



Pollination by insects, 121 ; by water, 120 ; 

 by wind, 120. 



Polliniferous. Bearing pollen. 



Pollinium (pi. Pollinia). A mass jf waxy 

 pollen or of coherent pollen grains, as in \ 

 Asclepias and Orchids. 136. 



Polliuoid, 1S1. 



Polyadelphous. Having many stamens. 135. 



Polycotyledonous embryo, 17. 



Polygamous. Having flowers, some of them 

 perfect, some staminate or pistillate only. 

 129. 



Polypetalous. Having separate petals. 111. 

 131. 



Polyporus, 196. 



Polysiphonia, 159. 



Pome. A kind of fleshy fruit, of which the 

 apple is the type. 149. 



Porose. Pierced with small holes or pores. 



Posterior. In an axillary flower, on the side 

 nearest to the axis of inflorescence. 



Praemorse. Appearing as if bitten off. 



Preserving material, 242, 255. 



Prickle. A small spine or more or less slen- 

 der sharp outgrowth from the bark or rind. 



Procumbent. Lying on the ground. 



Proliferous. Producing offshoots. 



Propagation, by gemmae, 200 ; vegetative (by 

 stems), 58. 



Prostrate. Lying flat upon the ground. 



Proteid matter, in seeds, 19 ; test for, 246. 



Protein granules, 216. 



Proterandry, 119. 



Proterogynous. Having the stigma ripe for 

 the pollen before the maturity of the an- 

 thers of the same flower. 119. 



Prothalliuin, 205, 208, 209. 



Protonema, 204. 



Protoplasm, 116, 173, 213, 214. 



Pseudaxillary. Terminal, but becoming ap- 

 parently axillary by the growth of a lateral 

 branch. 



Pseudo-costate. False ribbed, as when a 

 marginal vein or rib is formed by the con- 

 fluence of the true veins. 



Pteridophytes, 204. 



Puberulent. Minutely pubescent. 



Pubescent. Covered with hairs, especially if 

 short, soft, and downy. 



Pulvinus, 75 ; action of, 240. 



Punctate. Dotted with depressions or with 

 translucent internal glands or colored dots. 



Puncticulate. Minutely punctate. 



Pungent. Terminating in a rigid sharp 

 point ; acrid. 



Putamen. The shell of a nut ; the bony part 

 of a stone fruit. 



Quadrate. Nearly square in form. 



Eaceme. A simple inflorescence of pediceled 

 flowers upon a common, more or less elon- 

 gated axis. 



Eacemose. In racemes, or resembling a 

 raceme. 



Eadiate. Spreading from or arranged around 

 a common center ; bearing ray flowers. 



