PICIDvE 



125 



ft 1 . Difference between the primaries and 

 secondaries almost equal to the length 

 of the cuhnen ; habits arboreal ; shafts 



of tail-feathers bright yellow Campothera, p. 128. 



6. Outer anterior toe shorter than the outer 



posterior toe. 

 a 1 . Bill shorter than the head, plumage spotted 



and barred Dendropicus, p. 135. 



6 l . Bill longer than the head. 



a?. Plumage spotted and barred, yellow 



shafts to tail-feathers Th ripias, p 137. 



b'. Plumage not spotted or barred (in 

 South African species) ; shafts of tail- 

 feathers brown or black Meaopiciis, p. 139. 



B. Tail-feathers soft and rounded, not spiny ; 



plumage speckled grey lynx, p. 142. 



FIG. 41. Tail of Campofhera smithi. x j. 



Subfamily I. PICIN^I. 



Tail-feathers with very stout and stiff shafts ending in stiff points, 

 used as a support when climbing tree trunks and hammering the 

 bark for insects. 



