HERODIONES 



31 



ft 1 . 



7>\ Plumage white throughout, with 

 trains of decomposed plumes in 



the breeding season 



c 3 . Plumage slaty black, without de- 

 composed plumes 



? . Naked portion of the tibia distinctly 



less than the inner toe and claw. 

 rt 3 . Mandibles serrated along their 



edges towards the tips. 

 4 . Culmen exceeding in length the 

 middle toe and claw; plumage 

 not principally white ; no de- 

 composed ornamental plumes... 

 ?> 4 . Culmen about equal to tne middle 



toe and claw. 



a-\ Plumage rufous and slaty, 

 no decomposed ornamental 

 plumes, but a well-developed 



neck frill 



6 5 . Wings, body and tail white ; a 

 train of decomposed orna- 

 mental dorsal plumes in the 



breeding season 



c 4 . Culmen shorter than the middle 

 toe and claw ; plumage white ex- 

 cept the decomposed ornamental 



plumes 



6 3 . Mandibles not serrated but with a 

 distinct subterminal notch : cul- 

 men about equal to the tarsus ... 

 With ten tail-feathers only ; mandi- 

 bles serrated at the tips. 

 a- 3 . Tarsus about equal to the middle 



toe and claw 



b\ Tarsus considerably shorter than 

 the middle toe and claw . 



Herodiaa, p. 64. 

 Melanophoyx, p. 70. 



Butorides, p. 79. 



Erytlirocnus, p. 77. 

 Ardeola, p. 75. 



Bubulcus, p. 72. 

 Nycticofax, p. 82. 



Ardetta, p. 86. 

 Botaiinis, p. 91. 



B. Bill long and curved throughout. 



a. Tarsus reticulated in front with hexagonal 



scales. 



fl l . Whole head and neck naked ; inner 

 secondaries prolonged to form orna- 

 mental plumes 



b l . Head and upper third of neck only 

 naked ; cranium swollen ; inner se- 

 condaries normal 



c 1 . Head and neck feathered, only the lores 

 naked ; inner secondaries normal 



Ibis, p. 94. 



cuSj p. 97. 



Hagedashia, p. 100. 



