THE BIRDS OF SPRINGFIELD AND VICINITY. 27 



506. Icterus spurius (I/inn.). ORCHARD ORIOLE. 

 A not uncommon .summer resident in the river towns ; it was 

 unusually numerous in 1893. 



507. Icterus galbula (I,inn.). BALTIMORE ORIOLE. 

 Abundant summer resident. Individuals of this kind are in- 

 clined to vary in their song ; I know of one whose notes, to the 

 most casual listener, suggested the tune of Yankee Doodle, 

 and the residents in the vicinity of the oriole's nest gave it the 

 name of the " Yankee Doodle bird." 



509. Scolecophagus carolinus (Mull.). RUSTY 

 BLACKBIRD. Common spring and autumn visitor. 



511. b Quiscalus quiscula aeneus (Ridgw.). 



BRONZED GRACKLE. Common 'summer resident; often seen 

 here in August and September in enormous flocks. A small 

 flock passed a large portion of the winter 1900-01 in Long- 

 meadow. Its near relative, the Purple Grackle, may oc- 

 casionally occur here, but I have no proof of that fact. 



514. Coccotkraustes vespertinus (Coop.). EVEN- 

 ING GROSBEAK. With the exception of the winter of 1889-90, 

 this bird was never known to appear in this vicinity or else- 

 where in New England. At that time there was a large 

 incursion from the northwest into the eastern states, and 

 specimens were taken at Agawam, Brimneld and Amherst. 

 (See The Auk, vol. 7, pages 210-289.) 



515. Pinicola enucleator canadensis. (Cab.). PINE 

 GROSBEAK. Irregular winter visitor ; absent some seasons, 

 common others, and rarely abundant. In 1874-5, they were 

 as numerous in the streets of Springfield as the English spar- 

 rows are now. 



517. Carpodacus purpureus (Gmel.). PURPLE FINCH. 

 Tolerably common summer resident, more numerous during 

 migration ; occasionally here during winter. 



