56 ANGLO-FRENCH HORSEMANSHIP 



in all the direct forward paces, the rider should begin 

 to train him in the side moA'ements ; he first obtains a 

 direct flexion and then draws the left rein low, towards 

 the groin, in the direction of the diagonal hind leg, so 

 as to bend the neck and bring the near shoulder in, and 

 at the same time place the weight on the off fore and 

 hind legs, while the left leg, with the knee turned in 

 and the toe turned out, presses him along sideways, 

 and, if necessary, the right hand well away from the 

 body leads him : the same should then be done to the 

 other hand. This is the preparatory lesson in all side 

 movements and at first great care should be taken that 

 the horse gains ground to the front while moving side- 

 ways, later on the horse should be taught to move 

 sideways across the school on two parallel straight 

 lines. 



The rider should gradually alter the bend of the 

 neck by working more and more on the rein of the side 

 to which he is moving, until the horse turns his nose 

 slightly up and looks in that direction with his body 

 parallel to the wall of the school as he moves across it : 

 the rider looks the side to which he is moving, and 

 presses on the stirrup of that side.* The best way to 

 commence this exercise is to walk straight across the 

 school till about two lengths from the wall, and then 

 finish on two lines, gradually decreasing the distance 

 of the straight walk. 



In these exercises the rider raises the hand, holding 



* In the English school this is called the " Full Passage," 

 whereas the French give it the name of " Croup au Mur," as they 

 generally work along the sides of the school. The preparator3'^ 

 lesson in which the lateral aids are used, and the horse is bent 

 in the shape of a crescent, is called " Epaule en dedans," or 

 " Shoulder in," the " Passage " with them being the elevated 

 trot with suspension. 



