CHAPTER IV. 



THE RECIPROCAL CONNECTION \_GEMEimCHAFT] OF THE BODY 

 WITH THE SOUL. 



345. When by the action of one thing, a change can be 

 perceived extending into another, the former is said to exercise 

 an influence on the latter (Baui/igarten's ' Metaphysics/ § 140, 

 141), and the connection in which they stand to each other, by 

 their reciprocal influence, is their reciprocal connection (ibid., 

 § 328). 



346. It is sufficiently obvious, why, from an external 

 impression on the nerves, which produces material external 

 sensations in the brain, and consequently from the motive 

 force of the animal organism, an external sensation arises in 

 the mind (35) ; the animal organism, therefore, acts upon its 

 soul, and has an influence upon it (345) by its sensibility (34). 

 (Baumgarten's 'Metaphysics,' § 540). 



347. All conceptions, without exception, have their foundation 

 in their external sensations (65), and are, therefore, partly sen- 

 sational. Now, since this sensational element of every conception 

 is produced by the influence of the body on the soul (346, 66), 

 it follows that the body, by means of its sensibility [Empfind- 

 lichkeit], exercises an influence on the mind in all its concep- 

 tions, without exception : and in virtue of the animal- sentient 

 force of sensibility (or the sensational force), the animal or- 

 ganism is constituted a co-operating force of all conceptions of the 

 mind. Consequently, the following depend more immediately 

 on the influence of the body on the mind, namely, the sensa- 

 tional conceptions, imaginations, and foreseeings; sensational 

 memory ; the sensational expectations and forebodings ; 

 dreams; poetic inventions [Erdictungen], and imperfect ex- 

 ternal sensations ; also pleasure and pain of the senses, and all 

 other sensational stimuli, the sensational desires and aversions, 

 the instincts, the instinctive emotions, and the passions. On 

 the other hand, conceptions of the understanding and of the 

 reason, intellectual motives, and the intellectual desires and 



