VIII. THE STEM. 



H7 



give it the two cuts at a and b, and double 

 those pieces sharply back, as at B ; then, opening 

 them again, cut the whole into the form C ; and 

 then, pulling up the corners c d, stitch them 

 together with a loose thread so that the points 





\S 



D 



Fig. 14. 



£ and d shall be within half an inch of each other ; 

 and you will have a kind of triangular scoop, or 

 shovel, with a stem, by which you can sufficiently 

 hold it, D. 



7. And from this easily constructed and tenable 

 model, you may learn at once these following main 

 facts about all leaves. 



