INTRODUCTION. 



Feathered, (plumosus) the down of seeds, which sometimes 

 consists of fine, simple, or undivided hairs ; in other in- 

 stances, sends out lateral hairs, and is then said to be 

 feathered. 



Feeble, (debilis) too weak to stand upright. 



Femineus, a female flower, which is furnished with the pis- 

 tillum, or female organ of generation, but wants the 

 stamina, or male organ. 



Ferruginous, of the colour of rust of iron. 



Fibrous, composed of small threads or fibres. 



Filament, a thread ; the lower slender thread-shaped part 

 of the stamina, that serves as a foot-stalk for elevating 

 the antheras, and connecting them with the vegetable. 



Filiform, thread-shaped. 



Fimbriate. See Fringed. 



Fingerlike, compound leaves, like the expanded fingers of 

 a man's hand. 



Fissum, cloven, or split. 



Fistulose, hollow. 



Flagellum, a runner. 



Florescent, the act of flowering, which Linneus compares 

 to the act of generation in animals ; as the ripening of 

 the fruit, in his judgment, resembles the birth. 



Floret, a little flower. See FLoscule. 



Flos, the flower, according to the Linnean system, consists 

 of the antherae and stigma, whether the covers, i. e. the 

 calix and petals, are present or not. 



Floscule, a partial or lesser floret of an aggregate flower. 

 See Aggregate. 



Foliaceous, leafy. 



Folium, a leaf; according to Miller, a part of a plant ex- 

 tended into length and breadth, so as to have one side dis- 

 tinguishable from the other. According to Linneus, leaves 

 are the organs of motion, or muscles of the plant. 



Folliculus, air-bag ; a species of seed-vessel. See Concep- 

 taculum. 



Forked, (furcatus.) 



Fornicated, vaulted. 



Four-cornered, (tetragonus.) 



Fri^iilo:, plants that are natives of cold climates, as Siberia, 

 Canada, Germany, Holland, England. 



Fringed, (ciliatus.) 



Frondescent, a term signifying the precise time of the year 

 and month in which each species of plants unfolds its 

 first leaves. 



Fructescent, comprehends the precise time in which, after 

 the fall of the flowers, the fruits arrive at maturity, and 

 disperse their seeds. 



Fructification, comprehends the flower and the fruit, and 

 is defined to be a temporary part of plants, appropriated 

 to generation, ending the old vegetable and beginning 

 the new. 



Frutex, a shrub ; a plant which rises with a woody durable 

 stem, higher than that of under-shrubs, but inferior to 

 that of trees. Trees always rise with a single body or 

 trunk ; many shrubs have several stems growing out of 

 the same root. 



Fruticose, shrub-like. 



Fulcra, props, supports ; certain minute external parts, 

 which serve either to support or defend the plants, or to 

 promote some necessary secretion. 



FK/iginose, sooty. 



Fungi, mushrooms. 



Funnel-shaped, a monopetalous blossom, of which the lower 

 part is tubular, and the upper part conical ; as in Hounds- 

 tongue, Bugloss, Cowslip, &c. 



Furca, a fork ; furcae forks. 

 Furcated, forked. 



Furrowed, (sulcatus) marked with deeplines running length- 

 ways. 

 Fusiform, spindle-shaped. 



G 



Gemma, a bud ; a compendium of a plant, seated upon the 

 stem and branches, and covered with scales to defend it 

 from cold and injuries till the time of unfolding. It is 

 generally gummy and resinous. 



Geniculated, knee-jointed. 



Geniculum, knee-joint. 



Genitalia, genitals, i. e. the antherae and stigmata of flowers, 

 the former being the male, and the latter the female 

 organs of generation in plants. 



Genus, a race or kind ; the third of the five numbers of the 

 Linnean system, is an assemblage of several species, that 

 is, of plants resembling each other in their most essential 

 parts. Genus is the singular of Genera. 



Gerrnen, the seed-bud ; the base of the pistillum, containing 

 the rudiments of the seeds. 



Gibbous, swelling. 



Gills, (lamellae) thin plates on the under side of the pileus 

 or hat of a mushroom. 



Glabrous, smooth. 



Glaucous, clothed with a fine mealiness. 



Glands, a species of secretory or excretory vessels found on 

 the surface of some plants. 



Glandular, bordered with pores. 



Glass-shaped, tubular j like a driuking-glass ; as the calix 

 of Jacob's ladder. 



Globular, like a round ball. 



Globulous, globular. 



Ghchis, a barbed point. 



Glomerate, congregated. 



Glossy, smooth, shining. 



Glume, a husk ; the calix of the grasses, composed of one, 

 two, or three valves ; a kind of scale commonly transpa- 

 rent in the margin, and most frequently terminated by a 

 pointed thread, termed a beard. 



Glutinous, covered with a slippery or adhesive slime. 



Grain. See Beaded. 



Granulated. See Beaded. 



Gristly, cartilaginous, as in the edge of some leaves, which 

 are stronger and more transparent than the rest. 



Gymnospermia, from lyu/tvo?, naked ; and mrepua, seed : the 

 name of an order or secondary division belonging to the 

 Linnean class Didynamia, the plants of which have four 

 stamina, two long and two short, and four naked seeds. 



Gynandria, from '/IT*/, a woman ; '''>!/>, a husband : the 

 name of the twentieth class in the Sexual System of Lin- 

 neus, the plants whereof have hermaphrodite flowers, in 

 which the stamina are placed upon the style, or upon a 

 pillar-shaped receptacle resembling a style, which rises 

 in the middle of the flower, and supports both the stamina 

 and pointal. 



H 



Ilnir- like, slender ; undivided and cylindrical. 



lldira, (pili) are supposed to be the excretory ducts of vege- 

 tables. 



Halbert-shaped, (hastatus) as the floral leaves of the pansie. 



lliiiiin.'ius, or Hamalus, hooked. 



Humus, a hook, or species of bristly armour, in which each 

 bristle is bowed inwards at the top. 



