ADO 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



M G I 



it to be found ; which shows the propriety of sowing the 

 seeds in gardens in autumn ; for those fields of spring corn, 

 if suffered to remain undisturbed after the harvest, will 

 abound with this plant in the following year. It is supposed 

 to have been conveyed from the gardens to the fields by 

 means of the dung-heap, as it is not probably of long stand- 

 ing, not being recorded as indigenous by our old botanical 

 writers. Great quantities of the flowers are annually sold 

 in London by the name of Red Morocco. They.flower in the 

 beginning of June, and the seeds ripen in August and Sep- 

 tember. For the mode of propagating them, see the pre- 

 ceding species. 



3. Adonis Vernalis ; Perennial, or Spring Adonis. Flower 

 twelve-petalled ; heads of seeds ovate. This species is a na- 

 tive of Oeland, Switzerland, Austria, Carniola, Silesia, Prus- 

 sia, Bohemia, the Palatinate, and other parts of Germany, 

 where the root is often used for the true Black Hellebore. 

 Its large yellow flowers are produced at the end of Marcher 

 the beginning of April, and the seeds ripen in August, and 

 should be sown soon after, otherwise they seldom succeed. 

 The plants must be kept free from weeds, and if refreshed 

 with water in dry weather, it will promote their growth. 

 They should remain where sown till the second year, for they 

 make but slow progress when young. The best time to trans- 

 plant them is in autumn, when they ought to be planted 

 where they are to remain, for if often removed, they will 

 not produce many flowers, and even those will be much the 

 weaker for it. They may be increased by parting the roots, 

 either in autumn or spring. Being hardy and easily culti- 

 vated, and producing their showy flowers early in the sea- 

 son, they are desirable plants for the garden. 



4. Adonis Apennina : Apennine Adonis. Flowers fifteen 

 petalled. "Ac stem is about a foot and a half in height. 

 It is found wild in the Apennines, and in Siberia. For its 

 culture and propagation, see the preceding species. 



5. Adonis Capensis ; Cape Adonis. Flowers ten-petalled, 

 heads depressed, leaves biternate, leaflets serrate, heart- 

 shaped. Found wild near the Cape. 



T 6. Adonis Vesicatoria ; Blister Adonis. Flowers ten-pe- 

 talled ; leaves biternate ; leaflets serrate, smooth. This 

 plant is perfectly smooth, and has hard firm leaves. It is 

 also a Cape plant, and receives its name from the Africans 

 using it for raising blisters. 



Adoxa ; a genus of the class Octandria, order Tetragynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth inferior, bifid, flat, 

 permanent. Corolla : monopetalous, flat, quadrifid ; clefts 

 ovate, acute, longer than the calix. Stamina: filaments subu- 

 late, the length of the calix ; antherae roundish. Piitilla : 

 germ below the receptacle of the corolla ; styles simple, 

 erect, the length of the stamina, permanent ; stigmas simple. 

 Pericarp : a globose berry, between the calix and the corolla, 

 the calix being united below with the berry umbilicate, four- 

 celled. Seeds solitary, compressed. Observe, such is the 

 terminal fructification, but all the lateral ones add a fifth 

 part of the whole number. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : 

 bifid, inferior. Corolla : four or five cleft, superior. Berry : 

 four or five celled, united with the calix. The roots of 

 plants of this genus may be transplanted any time after the 

 leaves are decayed, till winter. They must be planted in 

 the shade under shrubs ; for*if they are exposed to the open 



gun, they will not thrive. The following species only 



has been discovered. 



1. Adoxa Moschatellina ; Bulbous Fumitory, or Hollow 

 Root, and Tuberous Moschatell It has a perennial root, and 

 grows naturally in shady places, and woods ; as in Hamp- 

 ttead and Chariton woods, &c. The flowers appear at the 



end of March, or beginning of April, and the berries ripen 

 in May, soon after which the leaves decay. These and the 

 flowers smell like musk, from whence some have called it 

 Musk Crowfoot. ' 



/Egiceras; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leaved, 

 bell-shaped, half five-cleft, coriaceous, permanent. Corolla: 

 petals five. Stamina: filaments five. Pistil: germ oblong; 

 style single. Pericarp: capsule bowed, coriaceous, one-cel- 

 led, one-valved, gaping on the convex side. Seed: single. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: bell-shaped, half five-cleft. 

 Capsule: bow-shaped, one-celled, gaping on the convex side. 

 Seed : inverted. The following are the species : 



1. jEgiceras Majus ; the Greater &giceras. Leaves ovate, 

 quite entire ; legumes long, sickle-shaped. This is a shrub 

 about twelve feet high, with several stems afoot in thickness, 

 putting out many twigs and suckers. Its flowers have an 

 agreeable smell. Native of the Molucca Islands. 



2. JEgiceras Minus ; the Lesser /Egiceras. Leaves ovate, 

 sometimes notched ; legumes short, crescent-shaped. A 

 native of Ceylon. 



SEgilops, a genus of the class Polygamia, order Monoecia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Two lateral flowers hermaphro- 

 dite. Calix : a large bivalvular glume, sustaining three 

 flowers ; valves ovate, truncate, streaked, with various awns. 

 Corolla : a bivalvular glume ; the outer valve ovate, termi- 

 nated by a double or triple awn ; the inner lanceolate, erect, 

 awnless, with the edge bent in longitudinally ; nectary two- 

 leaved ; leaflets ovate, flat, transparent, very small. Sta- 

 mina : filaments thr.ee, capillary, with oblong antherse. Pis- 

 til : germ turbinate ; styles two, reflex, with hairy stigmas. 

 Pericarp : none. Seeds : oblong, convex on one side, 

 grooved on the other, with the inner valve of the corolla 

 adhering to it, and not opening'. One male flower between 

 the two former. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : a glume, 

 subtriflorous, cartilaginous. Corolla : a glume, terminating 

 in a three-fold awn. Stamina: three. Styles: two. Seed; 



ie. All the species of this genus of Grasses appear to 



be annual : they are, 



1. .ffigilops Ovata. Spike-awned, all the calices with 

 three awns. This grass grows wild in the southern coun- 

 tries of Europe. 



2. jEgilops Caudata. Spike-awned, all the calices with 

 two awns. This grass is a native of Crete. 



3. jEgilops Truncialis. Spike-awned, the lower calices 

 with two awns. This species of grass grows about Mont- 

 pelier, Marseilles, Nice, and Smyrna. 



4. ^Egilops Squarrosa. Spike awl-shaped, longer than 

 the awns. This species of grass has been found in the Le- 

 vant by Tournefort, and by Cavanilles in Spain. 



JEgilops. See Quercus. 



JEg'metia. See Orobanche. 



JEgiphila, a genus of the class Tetrandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one-leaved, 

 bell-shaped, four- toothed, loose, very short, permanent (. '<>- 

 rolla : one-petalled, salver-shaped ; tube cylindric, narrower 

 and longer than the calix, border quadrifid, flat, equal; clefts 

 oblong. Stamina: filaments capillary, inserted into the mouth 

 of the tube, erect ; antherse roundish. Pistil : germ round- 

 ish, superior ; style capillary, deeply bifid ; stigmas simple. 

 Pericarp : a roundish two-celled berry, surrounded with the 

 permanent calix. Seed: either in pairs or solitary. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix: four-toothed. Corolla: quadrifid. 



Style : semi-bifid. Berry .- four-seeded. The species are, 



1. ^igiphila Martinicensis. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, smooth j branches diffused ; panicles terminating or 



