74 



ALL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



ALL 



flowers twelve-stamined ; capsules hook-pointed. A native 

 both of North and South America. 



5. Alisma Natans ; Creeping Water Plantain. Leaves 

 ovate, obtuse; peduncles solitary. This is found in ditches 

 in France, Sweden, Germany, and Siberia ; also in a lake or 

 two in Wales ; and flowers in July and August. 



6. Alisma Ranunculoides'; Small Water Plantain. Leaves 

 linear-lanceolate ; capsules globose and squarrose. The 

 corolla of this plant is bluish, and opens about noon. It is 

 found on marshes and moors, as on Giggleswick Farm, 

 Yorkshire ; between Burton and Derby ; Bungay, Suffolk ; 

 tllingham-fen, Norfolk j and also in Sweden, Holland, 

 France, Germany, and Italy. 



7. Alisma Subulata. Leaves awl-shaped. This is a Vir- 

 ginian plant ; with a very tender white corolla, and subu- 

 late leaves. 



8. Alisma Parnassifolia. Leaves heart-shaped, acute; 

 petioles jointed. The seeds are awned. It is a native of 

 Italy, in the marshes under the Apennines. 



9. Alisma Repens. Stems creeping ; leaves lanceolate, 

 petioled, acute. It flowers in August. Native of Spain, on 

 the sandy backs of the river Manzanares. 



Alisma. See Arnica, Primula, and Senecio. 



Alkcenda. See Myrtus. 



Alka.net. See Anchusa. 



Alkekengi. See Physalis. 



ALlamanda ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, 

 five-parted ; parts ovate, acute. Corolla : one-petalled, 

 funnel-shaped ; tube cylindric ; border semi-quinquefid, 

 swelling; divisions spreading, obtuse. Stamina: filaments 

 scarcely any ; antherae five, sagittate, converging in the 

 throat of the tube. Pistil : germ oval, surrounded with a 

 ring ; style filiform, the length of the tube ; stigma headed, 

 contracted in the mirtHlp. Pericarp: an orbicular, Ions shap- 

 ed, echmate, one-celled, two-valved capsule. Seeds : very 

 many, imbricate, orbiculate, flat, edged with a membranous 

 wing. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla: contorted. Cap- 

 sule: lens-shaped, erect, echinate, one-celled, two-valved, 

 many-seeded. The only species known is, 



1 . Allamanda Cathartica. A milky shrub, the stem twin- 

 ing, and climbing on trees. The leaves are cathartic; and 

 an infusion of them is used at Surinam in the colic. Found 

 wild there, at Cayenne, and in Guiana, by the sea-side. 



All-heal. See Stachys. 



Alliaria. See Erysimum. 



Alligator Pear. See Laurits. 



Allionia; a genus of the class Tetrandia, order Monogynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth common to three 

 flowers, simple, oblong, five-parted ; parts ovate, acute, 

 permanent ; proper obsolete, superior. Corolla : proper 

 one-petalled, funnel-shaped, edge quinquefid, erect. Sta- 

 mina: filaments setaceous, longer than the corolla, bending 

 to one side ; antherae roundish. Pistil: germ inferior, oblong: 

 style setaceous, longer than the stamina; stigma multifid, 

 linear. Pericarp: none. Seeds: solitary, oblong five-cor- 

 nered, naked. Receptacle : naked. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Calix: common, oblong, simple, three-flowered; proper 

 obsolete, superior. Corollules: irregular. Receptacle: naked. 

 The species are, 



1. Allionia Violacea. Leaves heart-shaped ; calices quin- 

 quefid. A native of South America. 



2. Allionia Incarnata. Leaves obliquely ovate ; calices 

 triphyllous. An annual glaucous plant, native of Peru, and 

 grows on rocks and in sandy soils. 



; a genus of the class Hexandria, order Monogynia. 



GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: spathe common roundish: 

 withering, many-flowered. Corolla: petals six, oblong 

 Stamina : filaments six, subulate, often the length of the 

 corolla ; antherae oblong, upright. Pistil : germ superior, 

 short, bluntly three-cornered, the corners marked with a 

 line; style simple; stigma sharp. Pericarp: capsule very 

 short, broad, three-lobed, three-celled, three-valved. Seeds: 

 few, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla : six- 

 parted, spreading. Spathe: many-flowered. Umbel: heaped. 

 Capsule: superior. All the flowering sorts are very hardy, 

 thriving in any soil and situation ; they may be propagated 

 by roots or seeds : if from roots, should be planted in au- 

 tumn ; the seeds must be sown either in autumn or spring, 

 on a border of common earth, and should be well weeded ; 

 in the following autumn, they may be transplanted into 

 borders where they are intended to remain. They flower in 



May, June, and July. The species are, 



* Stem-leaves flat ; umbel capsule-bearing. 



1. Allium Ampeloprasum ; Great Round-headed Garlic. 

 Umbel globose ; stamina three-cusped ; petals with a 

 rough keel. The stem is a foot high or more. It grows 

 naturally in the East, in Switzerland, in a small island in 

 the Bristol Channel, &c. flowering in July and August. 



2. Allium Porrum ; Common Leek. Umbel globose ; 

 stamina three-cusped ; petals with a rough keel ; root 

 coated. This flowers in April or May. For the cultiva- 

 tion of Leeks, see that of the Onion species, No. 36. of this 

 genus. Hill recommends an infusion of the roots of the 

 Leek, boiled into symp with honey, as a good medicine in 

 coughs, asthmas, and other disorders of the breast and 

 lungs. He says it answers, the same purpose with syrup 

 of Garlic, but being milder it may be taken by many who 

 cannot bear that medicine. The juice of Leeks is a good 

 diuretic, and will frequently afford relief in the stone and 

 gravel, when most of the usual remedies fail. 



3. Allium Lineare ; Linear-leaved Garlic. Umbel glo- 

 bose ; stamina three-cusped, twice as long as the corolla. 

 blowers purple : its leaves are narrower than the common 

 Leeks, nor does it rise so high. Native of Siberia. 



4. Allium Rotundum. Great Round-headed Garlic. 

 Umbel subglobose ; stamina three-cusped ; side-flowers 

 nodding. The root of this species consists of many purple 

 and black bulbs, crowded between white common sheaths. 

 It is a native of the southern parts of Europe. 



5. Allium Victorialis ; Long-rooted Garlic. Umbel 

 rounded; stamina lanceolate, larger than the corolla ; leaves 

 elliptic. This species grows on the mountains of Switzer- 

 and, Austria, Silesia, and Savoy. The stem is from a foot 

 :o eighteen inches in height. The petals are of a dirty 

 white, with a tincture of green. 



6. Allium Subhirsutum; Hairy Garlic, or Dioscoritks's 

 Moly. Stamina awl-shaped ; lower leaves hirsute. The 

 lowers are white, and the stem from a foot to eighteen in- 

 hes hign, round, smooth, and solid. Native of the Le- 

 ant, Italy, Spain, and Africa. It flowers in May. 



~. Allium Magicum ; Homer's Garlic, or Moly. Sta- 

 mina simple; branches bulb-bearing. This species 

 !;rows a foot high, and is preserved by many persons in 

 heir gardens for variety's sake, although it has a very 

 itrong scent. 



8. Allium Obliquum ; Oblique-leaved Garlic. Stamina 

 iliform, thrice as long as the flower ; leaves oblique. This 

 s a native of Siberia ; it attains to two feet in height, with 



a cylindrical stalk. 



9. Allium Ramosum; Branched Garlic. Umbel globose ; 

 stamina awl-shaped ; longer leaves linear-subconvex. The 



