94 



A N C 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



A N C 



long; style simple, rising; sigma villose. Pericarp.- an ob- 

 long, large, roundish, obtuse legume, a little reflex. Seeds: 

 six or more, kidney-form. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Standard 

 and Wings; shorter than the keel, in a papilionaceous corolla. 

 Fruit : a legume. These plants may be propagated by laying 

 down their tender branches in the spring : if seeds be used, 

 they must be sown on a moderate hot-bed at the beginning 

 of March. The fourth year from sowing, they will begin to 



produce their flowers, and will flower every year after. 



The species are, 



1. Anagyris Foetida; Stinking Bean Trefoil. Leaves ovate ; 

 flowers axillary. It is a shrub eight or ten feet high, with 

 bright yellow flowers, appearingin April and May; and grows 

 wild in France, Spain, Italy, Sicily, and about Smyrna. 



2. Anagyris Cretica. Leaves oblong ; racemes longer. 

 A native of Candia; very rare in England. 



3. Anagyris Inodora. Leaves pinnate; calices inflated, 

 coloured; legumes compressed, straight ; racemes terminat- 

 ing, oblong. An upright shrub, with a white flower ; and 

 native of the woods of Cochin-china. 



Anastatica ; a genus of the class Tetradynamia, order Silu- 

 culosa. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: Perianth four-leaved, 

 deciduous ; leaflets ovate-oblong, concave, erect, deciduous. 

 Corolla: tetrapetalous, cruciform; petals roundish, flat, 

 spreading; with claws nearly the length of the calix, but 

 more spreading. Stamina: filamenta six, subulate, the length 

 of the calix, ( from erect spreading; anthera; roundish. Pistil : 

 germen bifid, very small; style subulate, the length of the 

 stamina, permanent; stigma capitate. Pericarp : a very short 

 silicic; partition ending in a subulate point, oblique, and 

 longer than the silicic itself ; the valves parallel, making a cell 

 of the lower half, but standing out from the upper, rounded, 

 concave, gaping, oblique, hence having the form of a sheep's 

 hoof. Seeds : solitary, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Silicle: retuse, crowned at the edge with valves twice as long 

 as the partition. Style : intermediate, pointed, oblique. Cells : 

 one-seeded. These plants are annual, and can only be pro- 

 pagated by seeds, which rarely ripen in England, they must 

 be sown on a hot-bed in the spring. The species are, 



1 . Anastatica Hierochuntica. Common Anastatica, or 

 Rose of Jericho. Leaves obtuse; spikes axillary, very short; 

 silicles hoofed, thorny. This curious plant if taken up before 

 it is withered, and kept entire, may be preserved many years 

 in a dry room ; and afterwards, if the root be placed a few 

 hours in ;i glass of water, the buds of flowers will swell, open, 

 .and appear as if newly taken out of the ground. It grows 

 naturally on the coasts of the Red Sea, in the sandy parts of 

 Palestine, and near Cairo. 



<2. Anastatica Syriaca ; Syrian Anastatica. Leaves acute; 

 spikes longer than the leaf; silicles ovate, beaked. It flow- 

 ers in May and June ; and is a native of Austria, Stiria, Car- 

 niola, Syria, and Sumatra. 



Aiiclwrii Pear. See Griat. 



Anclmsa; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GKM-:KIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-parted, 

 oblong, round, acute, permanent. Corolui: monopetalous ; 

 funnel-shaped ; tube cylindrical, the length of the calix; 

 limb semi-quinquefid, from erect expanding, obtuse ; throat 

 closed with live small scales, convex, prominent, oblong, 

 converging. Stamina : filamenta very short, in the throat of 

 the corolla; antherse oblong, incumbent, covered. Pistil: 

 germiua four; style filiform, the length of the stamina; stig- 

 ma obtuse, emarginate. Piricur/i: none; but the calix en- 

 larged, and erect, contains the seeds in its bosom. See ils . four 

 ublimirish, obtuse, gibbose. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Co- 

 rolla .- funnel-shaped, the throat closed with an arch of scales 



Seeds . engraved at the base. All the species of this genus 

 may be propagated by seeds, sown in the autumn upon'a bed 

 of light sandy earth, and removed from thence in the spring 

 to beds planted at two feet distance, watering them till they 

 have taken root ; after which they will require no further care. 

 If the seeds of the common sorts be permitted to scatter 

 themselves, the plants will rise in plenty. The species are, 



1. Anchusa Officinalis ; Officinal or Garden Alkanet, or 

 Bugloss. Leaves lanceolate ; spikes imbricate, pointing one 

 way. Stems from a foot to eighteen inches high; leaves 

 seven inches long, and about an inch broad, which, with the 

 stems, are hairy and rough ; corolla purple, and sometimes 

 white. It flowers in June, July, and August. Bees are very 

 fond of the tube of the corolla. This is not the Anchusa, 

 but the Bugloss, of officinal writers : it appears to be nearly 

 similar to Borage ; the leaves being less juicy, and the roots 

 more mucilaginous : these, with the leaves and flowers, are 

 ranked among the articles of the materia medica. It is in 

 great esteem in China, for gently promoting the eruption 

 in the small-pox. 



2. Anchusa Angustifolia; Narrow-leaved Alkanet. Racemes 

 almost naked, 'in pairs. Grows two feet high in gardens, but 

 seldom more than one when wild. The flowers are small, and 

 of a red colour. It is found wild in Germany and Switzerland, 

 flowering in July and August, by way-sides, and the borders 

 of ploughed fields. The great Boerhaave recommended the 

 juice of this plant in the pleurisy and in maniacal cases. 



3. Anchusa Italica ; Italian Alkanet. Leaves lucid, stri- 

 gose ; racemes two-parted, two-leaved ; flowers somewhat 

 unequal, bearded at the throat. Roots biennial : stem erect, 

 four feet high or more. 



4. Anchusa Undulata; Waved Alkanet. Strigose : leaves 

 linear, toothed ; pedicles less than the bracte ; fruit-bear- 

 ing ealices inflated. Height three feet ; leaves stiff, rough, 

 six or seven inches long, and half an inch broad ; corollas a 

 fine blue colour. A native of Spain and Portugal. 



5. Anchusa Tinctoria; Dyer's Alkanet. Downy: leaves 

 lanceolate, obtuse; stamina shorter than the corollas. This 

 greatly resembles the Garden Alkanet, and is cultivated in 

 the south of France for the deep purplish red colour of the 

 roots. It gives a fine deep red to oils, wax, and all unctuous 

 substances, as well as to spirit ot wine. It grows about 

 Montpellier, in Silesia, Spain and Italy. 



6. Anchusa Virginica ; rirg'mian Alkanet. Flowers scat- 

 tered; stem smooth. Seldom rises a foot high ; and where it 

 abounds.the ground seems covered with bright yellow flowers 

 Native of North America; and called there Puccoon. 



7. Anchusa Lanata ; Woolly Alkanet. Leaves villose ; 

 calices shaggy; stamina longer than the corollas. Stem 

 single, a foot high ; corolfa blue. Found near Algiers. 



8. Anchusa Sempervirens ; Evergreen Alkmn't. Leaves 

 ovate ; peduncles two-leaved, racemed. Corollasblue; stems 

 at the sides of the crown of the root hispid. Found wild in 

 Spain and Italy, and in various parts of England, by road- 

 sides, among rubbish, and from the joints ot old walls. It 

 flowers from May through a great part of the summer, and is 

 perennial. Cows, horses, sheep, and goats, are said to eat it. 



!. Anchusa Barrelieri; Barreiier's Alkanet. Leaves ovato 

 lanceolate; stem erect; peduncles racemed, pointing one 

 way. Hoot pale red ; stalk angular ; corolla azure. Found 

 in Piedmont. 



10. Anchusa Paniculata; PanicM Alkanet, or Buglott. 

 Leaves lanceolate, strigose, quite entire ; panicle dichoto- 

 mous divaricate; flowers peduncled ; calices" live-parted, 

 with subulate segments. '. It is biennial: flowers in May 

 and June ; and is a native of Madeira 



