A N G 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



ANN 



cut iii May for the confectioners, who have a great demand for 

 it as a sweetmeat. The roots once formed one of the principal 

 aromatics of European growth, though little regarded at 

 present ; the other parts of the plant have the same flavour, 

 but their active principles are far more perishable. Though 

 . the seeds, which come nearest to the roots, can scarcely be 

 ' kept till the spring after they are gathered, they are the 

 only part of the plant ordered by the London College, and 

 that only in compound spirit of Aniseed. Of this plant, Hill 

 says, every part is fragrant, when bruised, and every part 

 is used in medicine ; but the roots and seeds possess the 

 highest degree. They are cordial, sudorific, and stomachic, 

 and of great efficacy in pestilential disorders, and contagions 

 of every kind, in all cold flatulent complaints, and seldom 

 fail of removing the ague, if taken three or four times re- 

 peatedly on the approach of the fit. A scruple of the dried 

 root in powder, or ten grains of the seed, is a moderate dose. 

 The roots and stalks are sometimes candied, and are then 

 more palatable, and equally efficacious. The root is long 

 and large ; that of our own growth is used fresh, but the 

 fine fragrant dried roots are brought from Spain. The whole 

 plant possesses the same virtues, and is cordial and soporific ; 

 it has always been famous against pestilential and contagious 

 diseases. The root, the stalks candied, the seeds bruised, 

 ; or the water distilled from the leaves, may be used ; but the 

 seeds are the most powerful, and they are also an ingredient 

 in many compositions. Culpeper prescribes also a water 

 distilled in a glass from the root steeped in wine, as more 

 effectual than the water of the leaves, and, in two or three 

 spoonfuls at a time, to ease all pains produced by cold or 

 wind, if the body be not costive ; and taken with some of the 

 root in: powder, for the pleurisy and all other diseases of the 

 lungs and breast, such as coughs, phthisic, and shortness 

 of breath, for which he remarks, that a syrup of the stalks 

 will be found equally good. This plant flowers with us from 

 June till August, and delights in a moist soil. To propagate 

 it, sow the seeds soon after they are ripe ; when they are six 

 inches high, transplant them three feet asunder upon the 

 sides of ditches or pools of water, where they will not fail 

 to thrive. The second year they will flower ; and if you 

 wish to continue the root, the stems must be cut down in 

 May, which will occasion their putting out heads from the 

 sides of the roots, whereby they may be continued for three 

 or four years ; but if they come to seed, they will perish 

 soon after. Where they are cultivated for the seeds, there 

 should be fresh plantations every year. It is a native of the 

 northern parts of Europe. 



2. 'Angelica Sylvestris ; Wild Angelica. Leaflets equal, 

 ovate-lanceolate, serrate. It has a smooth stem, six feet 

 high ; is perennial ; and very common in moist woods and 

 hedges ; and by the sides of rivers, flowering in July and 

 August. This herb yields a good yellow dye ; and may be 

 safely used as a medicine instead of the Garden Angelica : 

 but as it only possesses its virtues in an inferior degree, it 

 has been long neglected. 



3. Angelica Verticillaris. Leaves very much divaricate ; 

 leaflets ovate, serrate ; stem verticelled with peduncles ; 

 iix feet high ; flowers green. A native of Italy and S'lesia. 



4. Angelica Atropurpurea ; Purple Angelica. The outer- 

 most pair of leaves coadjoined ; the terminal leaf petioled. 

 Stem six feet high. A native of North America. 



5. Angelica Lucida ; Shining Angelica. Leaflets equal, 

 ovate, gash-serrate. Stem from one to two feet high ; petals 

 of a dirty white or very pale yellow colour; seeds brown, 

 and of a hot aromatic flavour. It flowers in June, ripens 

 its seeds in August Native of Canada. 



6. Angelica Razulii. Leaves bipinnate ; leaflets lanceo- 

 late, serrate, decurrent. Stem three feet high ; corollas a 

 bright purple before they are unfolded, afterwards white. 

 Native of the Apennines and Piedmontese mountains. 



Angelica Tree. See Aralia. 



Anguina. See Calla and Tricosanthes. 



Anguria ; a genus of the class Monoecia, order Diandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Male Flowers. Calix: monophyl- 

 lous, quinquefid, swelling at the base ; divisions lanceolate, 

 short. Corolla : pentapetalous, spreading, growing to the 

 border of the calix. Stamina: filamenta two, opposite, in- 

 serted into the calix ; anthera creeping up and down. Fe- 

 male Flowers. Calix and Corolla, as in the male. Stamina .- 

 filamenta as in the male, but without anthera?. Pistil .- germen 

 inferior, oblong; style semibifid ; stigmas bifid, acute. Peri- 

 carp : a pome, oblong, quadrangular, bilocular. Seeds : very 

 many, oval, compressed, nestling. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Male. Calix: five-cleft. Corolla: five-petalled. Female: 

 Calix and Corolla ; as in the Male. Pome : inferior, two 

 celled, many seeded. The species are, 



1. Anguria Trilobata. Leaves three-lobed. This plant 

 has a very shining appearance ; and is a native of Carthagena 

 in South America, flowering there in June. 



2. Anguria Pedata. Leaves pedate, serrate. This is a 

 perennial plant, which climbs trees to the height of twenty 

 feet, by means of tendrils. The flowers, which are destitute of 

 smell, and have orange-coloured petals, appear in September, 

 and the fruit ripens in December. Native of St. Domingo. 



3. Anguria Trifoliata. Leaves ternate, quite entire. 

 Native of St. Domingo. 



Anise. See Illicium, Pimpinella, and Bubon. 



Annona; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Polygy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix .- perianth three-leaved, 

 small ; leaflets cordate, concave", acuminate. Corolla . pe- 

 tals six, cordate, sessile ; the three alternate interior ones 

 less. Stamina ; filamenta scarcely any ; antherae very nume- 

 rous, placed on the receptacle. Pistil: germen roundish, 

 placed on a roundish receptacle ; styles none ; stigmas 

 obtuse, numerous, covering the whole germen. Pericarp : 

 a berry, very large, roundish, clothed with a scaly bark, one- 

 celled. Seeds : very many, hard, ovate-oblong, placed in 

 a ring, nestling. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: three- 

 leaved. Petals: six. Berry: many seeded, roundish, with a 

 scaly bark. These plants require a bark-stove and careful 

 management, plenty of air in warm weather, and to remain 

 constantly in the tan-bed. They have flowered, but never 

 t>orne fruit in England, where they are only preserved for the 

 beauty of their leaves. They have been known to reach the 

 height of twenty feet, but seldom exceed twelve or fourteen. 

 The earth in which they are planted should be light and rich, 

 and the tan-bed frequently turned over and refreshed, keep- 

 ng the stove in which these plants are placed at the Ananas' 



de.it, as marked upon the botanical thermometers. The 



species are, 



1. Annona Muricata; Rough-fruited Custard Apple, or 

 Sour Sop. Leaves oval-lanceolate, smooth, acute ; fruits 

 muricate ; petals ovate, the interior ones obtuse, shorter. 

 This tree is twelve, fourteen, or twenty feet high, with an 

 upright trunk, and stiff, round, smooth branches ; the 

 (lowers coriaceous, yellow. It is common in every savanna 

 of Jamaica, flowering in spring. The large succulent fruit 

 is .agreeable to new comers, and over-heated habits ; but i 

 so commonly used by the negroes, that the richer sort of 

 people refuse it. The smell and taste of the fruit, flowers, and 

 whole plant, very much resemble those of black currants. 



2. Annona Tripetala; Broad-leaved Custard Apple. I/eav* 





