110 



A P A 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



A P H 



lips rose-coloured ; palate yellow ; spur very short, obtuse. 

 Jt is a poisonous annual plant, native of England, growing 

 on a light soil, in cornfields and vineyards, and flowering 

 in July and August, and is seldom admitted into gardens. 



42. Antirrhinum Papilionaeeum. Corollas tailless ; flowers 

 axillary ; calices papilionaceous, five-leaved ; leaves fleshy, 

 ovate, entire, alternate. Native of Persia. 



43. Antirrhinum Asarina ; Heart-leaved Toadflax. Co- 

 rollas tailless; leaves opposite, heart-shaped, crenate ; stems 

 procumbent. Native of Italy, and the south of France ; a 

 low trailing annual plant. 



44. Antirrhinum Molle ; Woolly-leaved Toadflax, or Snap- 

 dragon. Corollas tailless ; leaves opposite, ovate, tomentose ; 

 stems procumbent. Corollas villose, white, with a yellow 

 palate ; the upper lip streaked with red. Native of Spain. 



45. Antirrhinum Unilabiatum. Corollas tailless, with two 

 calluses ; leaves alternate, pinnate ; stem panicled. Found 

 near the Cape of Good Hope. 



* Corollas gaping. 



46. Antirrhinum Bellidifolium ; Daisy-leaved Toadflax. 

 Root -leaves tongue-shaped, toothed, marked with lines; 

 stem-leaves parted, quite entire. A biennial, or at most trien- 

 nial plant, with a blue corolla. Native of Spain, Italy, and 

 the south of France ; also found near Geneva. Propagated 

 by seeds sown where they are to remain, upon a border of 

 light earth, and to be thinned and weeded when they appear 

 in the following spring, which is all the culture they require. 



47. Antirrhinum Canadense ; Canada Toadfiax. Leaves 

 linear, alternate ; lower lip of the corolla spreading and flat. 

 Annual. Native of Virginia and Canada. 



48. Antirrhinum Micranthum ; Small-flowered Toadflax. 

 Stem herbaceous, upright ; lower leaves in fours, upper ones 

 alternate ; flowers very small, white ; spur short, interior. 

 Root annual. Native of Spain, near Madrid, where it flowers 

 in March and April. 



49. Antirrhinum Reticulatum ; Reticulate Toadflax. Leaves 

 linear, channelled, scattered, those on the radical shoots 

 generally in fives ; calix hairy ; flower-stalks shorter than the 

 oractes. Root perennial; flowers very beautiful, variable 

 in colour, and without scent. Discovered in Algiers. 



50. Antirrhinum Pygmamm : Dwarf Toadflax. Leaves 

 sagittate ; peduncles capsulaceous ; corolla yellow. 



51. Antirrhinum jErugineum. Lower leaves in fours, 

 'iMwir; flowers in racemes; the upper leaflet of the calix 

 twice as long as the rest. An annual, with a yellow corolla ; 

 and a native of Spain. 



\>1. Antirrhinum Hexandrum. Leaves opposite, cordato- 

 nvate, serrate ; peduncles axillary, one-flowered. Native 

 of Otaheite in the South Seas. 



Apactix ; a genus of the class Dodecandria, order Mono- 

 i. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix. none. Corolla : four- 

 petal leil ; petals roundish, crenate, concave, unequal ; two 

 opposite broiuler. Stamina: filamenta from sixteen to twenty. 

 I'latil: germen superior ; style one. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 



'a : four-petalled. Calix: none. The only species 



known is, 



1. Apactis Japonica. A tree erect and very branching ; 

 rtowers in racemes at the end of the branchlets. 



Apargia ; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polyga- 

 mia ^Equalis. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : common im- 

 bricate, oblong, scales several, linear, parallel, unequal, 

 longitudinal, incumbent. Corolla: compound imbricate, 

 uniform; corollets hermaphrodite, numerous, equal; proper, 

 monopetalous, ligulate, linear, truncate, five-toothed. Sta- 

 mina ; filamenta five, capillary, very short ; anthers cylin- 

 dric, tubular. Pistil : germen subovate ; style filiform, 



length of the stamina ; stigmas two, recurved. Perit-arp : 

 none. Calix: oblong, straight. Seeds: solitary, oblong, 

 striated ; down sessile (in the central seeds somewhat stiped ) 

 pulmose ; rays chaffy beneath; receptacle naked, subvillo-r. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: subimbricatc, with linear, 

 parallel, unequal scales. Down .- pulmose, subsessile. Re- 

 ceptacle : naked, subvillose. The species are, 



1. Apargia Hispida. The whole calix upright ; leaves 

 lanceolate, toothed, hispid with forked bristles; scape one- 

 flowered, naked. It is common in meadows and pastures, 

 where it flowers in May : the flowers open at four in tlie 

 morning, and close at three in the afternoon. 



2. Apargia Hirta. The whole calix upright, smoothish ; 

 leaves toothed, rough with hairs that are undivided ; scape 

 smooth, without any floral leaf; outer seeds without down. 

 The whole of this plant is much smaller than the first 

 species. It grows in Germany, Switzerland, France, and 

 Spain, and is frequent on Hampstead Heath, Barnes Com- 

 mon, and other commons near London. 



3. Apargia Danubialis. The whole calix upright, smooth ; 

 leaves toothed, smooth ; scape one-flowered, almost naked. 

 It flowers in June, and is found in meadows on the islands 

 in the Danube. 



4. Apargia Tuberosa. Calix acute, hirsute ; leaves runci- 

 nate, scabrous. Native of meadows in Tuscany and the 

 south of France. 



5. Apargia Autumnalis. Stem branched, almost naked ; 

 peduncles scaly ; leaves lanceolate, toothed, quite entire, 

 smooth. Root perennial ; florets yellow on both sides, the 

 tubular part a little hairy. The flowers open at seven in the 

 morning, and close at three in theafternoon ; they appear from 

 July until October. This plant is common in pastures; horses, 

 goats, and swine are said to eat it, but cows and sheep refuse 

 it. Old English writers call it Yellow Devil's Bit; Small 

 Hare's Hauikweed ; or Small Hawkweed with bitten roots. 



6. Apargia Pyrenaica. Peduncles scaly ; leaves lanceolate; 

 with very few teeth ; calices villose, root end-bitten. IV- 

 rennial ; florets yellow. Native of the south of Europe. 



7- Apargia Taraxaci. Peduncles somewhat scaly at the top; 

 leaves entire or pinnatifid, smooth ; calix woolly ; root end- 

 bitten. Found in Lapland, the south of Europe, and in Wales 

 and Scotland in mountainous situations ; flowering in July. 



Aphanes ; a genus of the class Tetrandria, order Digynia, 

 or class Monaudria, order Monogynia. GENERIC CHARAC- 

 TER. Calix: perianth one- leafed, tubular, permanent; mouth 

 flat, eight-parted. Corolla: none. Stamina: filamenta four, 

 or one, erect, subulate, very small, placed on the iiioutli of 

 the calix ; anthers roundish, or one, twin. Pistil : germen 

 ovate ; style filiform, the length of the stamina, inserted into 

 the base of the germen ; stigma headed. Pericarp: none. 

 (.'alii- : containing the seeds in the bottom, converging at the 

 mouth. Seeds : ovate, acuminate, compressed. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Calix: eight-cleft. Corolla: none. Seeds : t\\o. 

 or one naked. The only species is, 



1. Aphanes Arvensis ; Parsley Piert. Stems many, slender, 

 leafy, four inches long, round; leaves roundish, three-ported, 

 deeply laciniate ; flowers herbaceous, axillary; calix cut into 

 eight segments. An European small annual plant, gnv.viii!;- 

 in fallow fields and dry pastures, and flowering from Ma\ to 

 August. As a medicine, the whole plant is to be made use 

 of, and it is best when fresh gathered, in which state it is easy 

 to obtain it. A strong infusion of it is beneficial in the gravel, 

 as it operates powerfully by urine, cleansing the kidneys and 

 urinary passages from all sabulous concretions in a short time. 

 It is likewise good in the jaundice, and other complaint 

 ing from obstructions of the liver or any other viscera ; and 



