124 



ART 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



ART 



flowers white, inodorous, small, appearing in October. Na- 

 tive of Japan, and cultivated in China and Cochin-china. 



3. ArtemisiaJudaica. Leaves obovate,obtuse,lobed, small; 

 flowers panicled, pedicelled. Native of Judea, Arabia, Ca- 

 ramania, the Mogul country, and China. The taste is hitter, 

 and the eastern nations use both the leaves and seeds in me- 

 dicine as tonics, stomachics, and anthehninthics. 



4. Artemisia jEthiopica. Leaves palmate, linear, very 

 minute, panicled, racemed ; flowers sessile. Native of Spain 

 and the Cape of Good Hope. This, and the fifth, sixth, and 

 seventh species must be sheltered from frost under a frame 

 during winter. They are easily propagated from cuttings. 



5. Artemisia Contorta. Leaves palmate, linear, minute ; 

 panicle racemed ; flowers sessile. Found inPersia,see No.4. 



6. Artemisia Abrotanum ; Southernwood. Leaves setace- 

 ous, very branching. It seldom rises above three or four 

 feet high. Common Southernwood, which is merely a variety 

 of'this species, is bitter and aromatic, with a very strong 

 smell. It is not much in use, but promises considerable 

 effects, outwardly, in discussing contusions and tumours ; in- 

 wardly, for destroying worms, and in disorders peculiar to 

 the female sex. It may have great efficacy in catarrhal ma- 

 lignant fevers, by its quality of promoting perspiration.which 

 it possesses in a very high degree. A table-spoonful of the 

 expressed juice maybe given, half an ounce of the decoction, 

 or a whole ounce of the infusion of the herb. In the pre- 

 sent practice it is seldom used, except as an ingredient in dis- 

 cutient and antiseptic fomentations. A strong decoction of 

 the leaves destroys worms ; but it is a very nauseous medicine. 

 The leaves are also esteemed as a good ingredient in fomen- 

 tations, for easing pain, dispersing swellings,and stopping the 

 progress of gangrenes. The top of the young branches,beaten 

 into a conserve with three times their weight of sugar, are 

 rendered less unpleasant to take, and in this form are good 

 for all nervous disorders, and in all hysteric complaints. 

 Culpeper says, that the distilled water was formerly given 

 for the stone. It is held by all writers, ancient and modern, 

 to be more offensive to the stomach than Wormwood. The 

 branches of it dye wool a deep yellow. 



7. Artemisia Arborescens ; Common Narrow -leaved Tree 

 Wormwood. Leaves tripinnatifid, silky, cinerous ; leaflets 

 linear; flower-bearing branchlets simple. The stalk is woody, 

 six or seven feet high. The flowers globular, in spikes, ter- 

 minating the branches. Native of Piedmont : see No. 4. 



8. Artemisia Argentea; Broad-leaved Tree Wormwood. 

 Leaves bipinnatifid, silky, white ; leaflets lanceolate-linear; 

 flowers globose; flower-bearing branchlets wandlike. Na- 

 tive of Madeira. 



9. Artemisia Arragoniae. Leaves linear, bipinnate, hoary; 

 flowers racemed. Scarcely a foot high. 



10. Artemisia Messerschmidii. Leaves linear, multifid ; 

 racemes erect, slender, loose, tomentose. Found in Tartary. 



11. Artemisia Tatarica. Lower leaves bipinnate ; pinnas 

 equal ; upper leaves pinnate, linear ; racemes erect, loose, 

 many-flowered, tomentose. Native of Tartary. 



12. Artemisia Nitrosa. Lower leaves finely multifid ; up- 

 per entire, obtuse ; corymbs erect, hoary, oblong, spiked, 

 sessile. Native of Siberia. 



13. Artemisia Lerchiana. Lower leaves pinnate, short, 

 finely divided ; pinnas palmate : upper leaves linear, undi- 

 vided ; corymbs sessile, very copious, spiked, oblong. A 

 shrubby hoary plant. Observed in Astracan, and on the 

 Volga. 



14. Artemisia Tenella. Leaves short, very finely multifid ; 

 panicles slender, loose, leafy ; peduncles one or two flow- 

 ered ; stem woolly. Native of Spain. 



15. Artemisia Pauciflora. Branches virgate, filiform : co- 

 rymbs one-ranked ; spikes subsessile. Native of the banks 

 of the Volga. 



16. Artemisia Italica. Leaves tomentose, loosely pinnate ; 

 pinnas long, linear ; root-leaves dotted; spikes dense; flowers 

 erect. Native of Italy. 



17- Artemisia Hispanica. Leaves loosely pinnate ; pinnas 

 long, linear ; spikes very dense ; calices oblong. Native of 

 Spain. 



18. Artemisia Gmelini. Leaves doubly pinnate, obtuse, 

 linear ; corymbs green, roundish, nodding. 



19. Artemisia Lobellii. Leaves petiolate palmate, multi- 

 fid, linear : the upper ones single, angular. The flowers are 

 of a fine yellow ; and the whole plant, which is a native of 

 Piedmont, the Genoese Alps, and Dauphiny, is remarkable 

 for a strong, balsamic, camphorated smell. 



** Procumbent before flowering. 



20. Artemisia Santonica ; Tartarian Southernwood, or Worm- 

 seed. Stem-leaves pinnate, multitid ; branches undivided ; 

 spikes one-ranked, reflex ; flowers with five florets. Native 

 of Tartary : whence the seeds are brought to England, and 

 used in worm cases : they are reckoned a good balsamic, 

 tonic, and stomachic medicine. It will grow with us in a dry 

 soil and sheltered situation. The seed supplied by our drug- 

 gists is frequently mixed with the unripe flowers ; they are 

 an excellent medicine against worms, and are best given in 

 treacle after reducing them to powder. They maj be used 

 in all cases where bitters are likely to be serviceable. For 

 persons of delicate palates, they may be powdered and made 

 into boluses. 



21. Artemisia Campestris ; Field Southernwood. Lea-.r-. 

 multifid, linear; stems procumbent,wand-like ; root fusiform. 

 It grows at Elvedon or Elden, in Suffolk, between New- 

 market and Lynn ; also near Burton Mills and Thetford ; 

 and in most parts of Europe. It flowers in August, and has 

 the same qualities, in aless degree, as Garden Southern wood. 

 Linneus recommends an infusion of it in the pleurisy. 



22. Artemisia Palustris ; Marsh Southernwood. Leaves 

 linear, pinnate, quite entire ; flowers glomerate, subsessile, 

 yellow. Native of Siberia. 



23. Artemisia Crithmifolia ; Samphire-leaved Southern- 

 wood. Leaves compound, divaricate, linear, fleshy, smooth : 

 stem rising, panicled. Native of the sandy shores of Por- 

 tugal : flowering from May till August. 



24. Artemisia Vallesiaca ; Downy Southernwood. Loaves 

 pinnate, many-parted, filiform, tomentose ; flowers sessile, 

 erect, subcolumnar, having few florets. Native of Spain, 

 Piedmont, and the Valais. It flowem in July and August ; 

 and sheep feed upon it. 



25. Artemisia Maritima ; Sea Wormwood. Leaves man) - 

 parted, tomentose ; racemes drooping ; receptacle naked ; 

 female florets three ; root woody, perennial. It has a strong 

 smell of camphor whenwild.but it diminishes upon cultivation. 

 It is used as an ingredient in distilled waters. A conserve 

 of the tops is made by beating them with thrice their weight 

 of fine sugar ; they are also used in decoctions for fomenta- 

 tions. It is less unpleasant, but not so strong, as Common 

 Wormwood ; and though not so valuable as an antiseptic or 

 anthelmintic, is more eligible as a stomachic. The tops 

 fresh gathered, and the wfaola plant dry, are used. In the 

 simps' and markets, it is called the Roman Wormwood, see 

 No. 3O. all the virtues of which it possesses ; but it is more 

 disagreeable than it, and less so than the ( 'omu-on Wormwood, 

 sec No. 34. It is friendly to the stomach, strengthening it. 

 and expelling wind. It is a common ingredient in the bitter 

 infusions and tinctures of the shops ; but it answers very well 



