A t 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



A T H 



147 



nine inrlies High, branched at top ; flowers large, bright 

 yellow, appearing in July and August, but rarely producing 

 seed in tins country. There is it variety of this species, 

 which is a tender plant, with a single-grooved stem. 



11. Athanasia Triftircata ; Trtfitl-leaved Athannsia. Co*- 

 rymbs simple : leaves three-lobed, cuneiform, flat, glau- 

 cous ; stem shrubby, five or six feet high. The flowers are 

 of a bright yellow colour, and appear in August, but are 

 seldom succeeded by ripe seeds in England. 



12. Athanasia Crithmifolia ; Samphire-leaved Athanasia. 

 Corymbs simple , leaves semitrifid, linear, divided into three 

 or five narrow segments ; stem shrubby : flowers yellow. 



J3. Athanasia Linifolia ; Flax-leaved Athanasia. Co- 

 rymbs simple ; leaves linear, alternate ; stem simple ; 

 round, smooth, like that of Flax. 



14. Athanasia Dentata ; Tooth-leaved Athanasia. Co- 

 rymbs compound ; leaves recurved, the lower linear, tooth- 

 ed, the upper ovate-serrate ; stem low, shrubby, branching, 

 seldom rising three feet high. Flowers pale yellovr ; they 

 appear early in summer, and, if the season prove favourable, 

 will be succeeded by ripe seeds in autumn. 



15. Athanasia Parviflora ; Small-flowered Athanasia. Co- 

 rymbs compound ; leaves pinnate, linear. It has roundish 

 bunches of bright yellow flowers ; some of the peduncles 

 sustain but one, others two, three, or four flowers upon 

 each; they appear in the beginning of July, and continue in 

 succession till late in autumn ; those which come enrly in 

 the season will ripen their seeds in winter. 



16. Athanasia Pinnata. Corymbs dense, compound ; 

 leaves pinnate, linear, tomentose ; stem proliferous, shrub- 

 by, tomentose; calices villose. 



17. Athanasia Peetinata. Corymb compound; leaves 

 pinnate, smooth. Found at the Cape by Thunberg. 



18; Athanasia Dentata. Corymb compound ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate, toothed, serrate. This differs from the fourteenth 

 species, though it has the same name. 



19. Athairisia Filiformis ; Fine-leaved Athanasia. Co- 

 rymb compound ; leaves linear, smooth, spreading. Found 

 at the Cape of Good Hope by Thunberg. 



':<>. Athan-.isia Cinerea ; Lavender-leaved Athanasia. Co- 

 rymb compound ; leaves linear, tomentose, entire. All the 

 above are natives of the ( 'ape of Good Hope, except the 7th ; 

 and ther are all perennial, except the 10th species. 



Alhcnwn a genus of the class Octanrtria, order Mnno- 

 gynia. (iKWKiiir CHARACTER. Ca\'a : perianth one- leafed, 

 -(lonred, five-parted ; part* oblong, aoute, erect, spread- 

 ing at top. ( 'oral In : none. Stnminit : filamenta eight, Mli- 

 i, erect, of which five are of the length of the call*, the 

 three alternate ones a little shorter ; anther* sagittate ; eight 

 plumose hriitlet, shorter than the filamenta, growing together 

 with them to a gland surrounding the germ. Pistil: germen 

 superior, ovate, surrounded at the base by an annular gland ; 

 style setaceous, longer than the stamina ; stigma depressed, 

 five-parted. Pericarp : capsule globose, one-celled, three- 

 valved ; valves somewhat fleshy. Seed : three to five, round- 

 ed, covered with a pulpy-coloured membrane, affixed to the 

 receptacle in the bottom of the capsule. ESSENTIAL CHA- 

 RACTER. Calix : coloured, five-parted ; corolla none. Bris- 

 tles, eight, feathered, between the filamenta ; stigma five- 

 pnrted ; capsule globose, one-celled, three-valved. Seeds 

 three to five. The only species known is, 



1.- Athenrea Guianensis. A branching shrub; stem four 

 or five inches in diameter, covered with a wrinkled gray bark. 

 T!:e flowers come out in bundles from the axils, and upon 

 the tubercles of the stem and branches, each on a small pe- 



duncle ; their calix is white, and there is no corolla : cap- 

 sule green, with a tinge of violet. The seeds are covered 

 with a pulpy viscid membrane of a scarlet colour. The 

 bark, leaves, and fruit, are sharp, and aromatic. The lart 

 are called ca/e-diable, or devil's coffee, by the Creole's. It 

 is a native of Cayenne, and the neighbouring continent of 

 Guiana, in a sandy soil, a quarter of a league from the sea- 

 shore, flowering and bearing fruit in September. 



Atractylis ; a genus of the class Syngehesla, order Poly- 

 gamia ^Equalis. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calir: outer many- 

 Teaved, linear, larger, roughened, permanent, imprisoning 

 the common one ; common, ovate, imbricate ; the scales 

 oblong, very many, lanceolate, converging, unarmed. C'orrf- 

 /./ . compound, radiate ; corollnles hermaphrodite, numerous, 

 tubular in the disk : hermaphrodite ligulatein the ray ; pro- 

 per of the disk funnel-form, five-cleft ; of the ray ligulate, flat, 

 five-toothed. Stmnitia : filamenta five, capillary, very short ; 

 anthera cylindric, tubular. Pistil of the disk : germen very 

 short ; style filiform, the length of the stamina ; stigma bifid ; 

 of the rny, very like that of the disk, but obscure and wither- 

 ed. Pericarp none ; calix converging. Seeds: turbinate, com- 

 pressed. Down plumose. Receptacle : villose, nat. ESS-EN/ 

 CHAR. Corolla: radiated: corollults of the ray five-tooth- 

 ed. All the species -of this genus, except the first, second, 

 and third, are strangers to the European gardens ; and 

 whenever they are introduced, will require the protection 

 of a greenhouse or stove. The species are, 



1. AlractylisGunfmif'era ; Gummy -rooted Atractylis: Flow- 

 er stemless : root perennial, sending out manynarrowleaves; 

 which are deeply sinuated, and armed with pines on their 

 edges. These lie close te the ground, and 'between them 

 the flower is situated; The florets on the border are white, 

 but those which compose the disk are of a yellowish colour. 

 It is a native of Italy, and the islands of the Archipelago ; 

 it flowers in July, but never perfects seeds in England. 

 The roots, if woiinded when fresh, yield a viscous milky juice, 

 which concretes into tenacious masses, whitish, and resem- 

 bling wax. It was formerly chewed for the same purpose as 

 Mastich. It is propagated by seeds, which must be obtained 1 

 from the countries where they grow naturally : these should 

 be sown upon a border of light earth, in a warm situation, 

 early in April ; and when the plants come up, and are fit 

 to transplant, they should be thinned, and those which are 

 dra'wn out maybe transplanted, leaving the others two feet 

 asunder ; after which, the only culture they require is, to 

 keep them clean from weeds in summer, and in winter to 

 cwer'the roots with some old tanner's bark, to prevent th<- 

 frost from penetrating the ground. 



2. Atractylig Humilis ; Dwarf Alractylis. Leaves tootfi- 

 sinuated ; flower radiated, fenced with an expanding invo 1 -' 

 lucre; stem herbaceous, near a foot high; flowers purple. 

 The roots will live two or three years; it flowers in June, 

 but, unless the summer be warm and dry, it will not perfect 

 seeds in England. It is a native of France and Spain ; pro- 

 pagated in the same manner as the first species. 



3. AtractyliB Cancellata ; Netted Atractylis. Involucres 1 

 latticed, bellying, linear, toothed; calices ovate; flowers - 

 flosculous. It is an annual, seldom rising more than eight 

 or nine inches high, with a slender stem, at the top of whicli 

 are two or three slender branches, each terminated by a head 

 of flowers, with an involucre of several narrow leaves, curi- 

 ously netted over, and, by a surprising artifice of nature, 

 keeping off the flies. Native of Spain, Sicily, and other 

 warm parts of Europe ; flowers with us in July, and, if the 

 season be dry and warm, will ripen ita seeds in September 



