148 



A T R 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



A T R 



4. Atractylis Lancea; Lance-leaved Atractylis. Involu- 

 cres pinnate ; leaves lanceolate, ciliate, smooth ; stem a 

 foot high, leafy ; flowers terminal, solitary, subsessile. 

 Native of Japan. 



5. Atractylis Ovata; Ovate-leaved Atractylis. Involucres 

 pinnate ; leaves ovate, ciliate, smooth, pale underneath ; 

 flower terminating, solitary. Native of Japan. 



6. Atractylis Oppositifolia ; Opposite-leaved Atractylis. 

 Leaves opposite ; the leaves, and even the calix, tomentose 

 underneath. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



7. Atractylis Purpurata; Purple-flowered Atractylis. Leaves 

 hastate, rucinate ; flowers large, purple ; receptacle naked. 

 Found by Mutis in New Granada. 



8. Atractylis Mexicana ; Mexican Atractylis. Leaves ob- 

 long, quite entire ; stem shrubby ; stipules none ; corolla 

 purple. Found in Mexico. 



, Atragene ; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Polygynia. 

 GEN. CHAR. Calix: perianth four-leaved ; leaflets oval, 

 spreading, obtuse, deciduous. Corolla: petals twelve, linear, 

 very narrow at the base, obtuse, spreading. Stamina: fila- 

 raenta very many, very short ; anthcrse oblong, acuminate, 

 shorter than the calix. Pistil : genuiua very many, oblong. 

 Styles villose, permanent. Stigma simple, the length of the 

 antherse. Pericarp: none. Seeds: very many, ending in 

 a hairy tail. ESSEN. CHAR. Calix : four leaved. Petals : 

 twelve. Seeds; tailed. The species are, 



1. Atragene Japonica ; Japanese Atragene. Erect: leaves 

 opposite, triternate ; leaflets ovate, gashed ; stem angular 

 and streaked, two feet high. It has all the appearance of 

 Anemone ; but it is referred to this genus on account of the 

 number of petals. Native of Japan. 



2. Atragene Alpina ; Alpine Atragene. Leaves doubly- 

 ternate, serrate ; other petals fourfold ; stems many, branch- 

 ing, diffused, long, angular, smooth, brown, prostrate on the 

 rocks, or scandent; petals dirty white, usually twelve. This 

 may be increased by cuttings or layers. In a strong soil, 

 and trained against a wall, it will rise to the height of five 

 or six feet. The flowers appear early, and, if the season 

 prove favourable, make a handsome figure ; but as this plant 

 is apt to put out leaves very early in the spring, it is fre- 

 quently nipped by the frosts. Native of the high Alps in 

 Switzerland. 



3. Atragene Capensis ; Cape Atragene. Leaves ternate ; 

 leaflets gashed, toothed, outer petals fivefold ; scape simple, 

 six or seven inches long. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



4. Atragene Tenuifolia ; Fine-leaved Atragene. Leaves 

 doubly pinnate ; pinnules linear, entire. Found at the 

 Cape of Good Hope by Thunberg. 



5. Atragene Zeylanica; Ceylenese Atragene. Tendrils 

 two-leaved ; this is caulescent, and scandent ; panicle ter- 

 minal, composed of a twice trifid peduncle, bearing com- 

 monly nine peduncled distinct purplish flowers. Native of 

 the island of Ceylon. 



Atraphaxis ; a genus of the class Hexandria, order Digy- 

 nia. GKNERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth two-leaved; 

 leaflets opposite, lanceolate, coloured, permanent. Corolla : 

 petals two, roundish, sinuate, larger than the calix, perma- 

 nent. Stamina : filamenta six, capillary, ^he length of the 

 calix. Antherae roundish. Pistil: germeu compresM'd 

 Style none. Stigmas two, capitate. Pericarp : none. Calix 

 closed, including the seed. Seed: one, roundish, com- 

 pressed. ESSKXTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: two-leaved. Pe- 

 tals: two, sinuate. Stigmas: capitate. Seed: one. The 

 seeds o'. these plants not ripening seeds in England, they are 

 propagateo by cuttings, during any of the summer months. 

 In winter they must be screened from hard frost, which 



commonly destroys such as are planted in the air. The 



species are, 



1. Atraphaxis Spinosa ; Prickly-branched Atraphaxis. 

 Branches spiny. This shrub rises four orfivefeet high, send- 

 ing out many weak lateral branches, armed with spines, and 

 garnished with small spear-shaped smooth leaves, of an ash 

 colour. The flowers come out at the ends of the shoots in 

 clusters, each consisting of two white petals, tinged with 

 purple, included in a two-leaved calix, of a white herbaceous 

 colour. They appear in August. Native of Armenia, Sibe- 

 ria, and Persia. 



2. Atraphaxis Undulata ; Wave-leaved Atniphaxis. With- 

 out spines. This species sends out many slender brandies, 

 trailing on the ground ; leaves small, oval, about the size of 

 those of Knot-grass, waved and curled on their edges, em- 

 bracing their stalk half round at their base, ai:d placed alter- 

 nate ; flowers in oblong spikes, at the ends of the stem and 

 branches. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 



Atrif>lf.r ; a genus of the class Polygarnia, order Mono^cia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Hermaphrodite flower. Calix: pe- 

 rianth five-leaved, concave, permanent ; divisions ovate, 

 concave, membranaceous at the edge. Corulla : none. Sta- 

 mina : filamenta five, subulate, opposite to the leaves of the 

 calix, and longer than them. Antheraj roundish, twin. Pis- 

 til : germen obiculate. Styles two-parted, short. Stigmas 

 reflex. Pericarp : none. Calix .- closed, pentagonal, with the 

 angles compressed ; deciduous. Seed : one, orbicular, de- 

 pressed. Female flower on the same plant. Calix: perianth 

 two-leaved ; leaflets flat, erect, ovate, acute, large, compress- 

 ed. Corolla: none. Pistil: germen compressed. Style 

 two-parted. Stigmas reflex, acute. Pericarp : none. Valves 

 of the calix very large, cordate, including the seed between 

 them. Seed: one, orbiculate, compressed. ESSENTIAL, CHA- 

 HACTER. Hermaphrodite. Calix : five-leaved. Corolla : none. 

 Stamina: five. Style: two-parted. Seed: one, depressed. 

 Female. Calix: two-leaved. Corolla none. Stamina none. 

 Style, two-parted. Seed one, compressed. The spe- 

 cies are, 



1. Atriplex Halimus; Tall Shrubby Orache, or Spanish 

 Sea Purslane. Stem shrubby ; leaves deltoid, entire ; root 

 perennial, woody, dividing into many branches. The whole 

 shrub is white ; flowers small, purplish, at the ends of the 

 branches ; seeds small, brown. It grows in hedges near the 

 sea, about Nice ; also in Spain, Portugal, and Sicily. Ray 

 says, that he found it in great plenty about Messina. Although 

 this shrub is not proper for hedges, for which it was intro- 

 duced, it may have a place in wilderness-quarters, where it 

 will serve to thicken ; and the silver-coloured leaves will add 

 to the variety, among other shrubs of the same growth. It 

 will grow eight or ten feet high, and, if suffered to grow wild 

 without pruning, will spread several feet in compass, and 

 sometimes produce flowers. This, the second, and third 

 species, may be increased by cuttings, planted in any of the 

 summer months on a shady border ; where, if they be duly 

 watered, they will soon take root, and be fit to transplant the 

 Michaelmas following, when they should be planted where 

 they are to remain ; for they do not succeed well in trans- 

 planting, especially when they are grown large and woody. 



2. Atriplex Portulacoides ; Dwarf Shrubby Orache, or 

 Common Sea Purslane. Stem shrubby; leaves obovate. This 

 ,s a low undershrub, seldom rising above two feet and a half, 

 >r at most three feet high, but becoming very bushy. The 

 [eaves are narrow, and of a whitish colour; they are glau- 

 cous, opposite, petioled, generally elliptic, some obtuse, 

 others lanceolate. The branches generally recline, are angu- 

 lar, and of a whitish green. The flowers are yellow, and 



