156 



A Z A 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



A Z A 



transplanted on a fresh hot-bed, to bring them forward ; part 

 of them may be planted in small pots, and the others on the 

 bed ; those in the pots should be plunged into a hot-bed of 

 tanner's bark : they must be shaded until they have taken 

 new root, and then they must have free air admitted to them 

 every day, in proportion to the warmth of the season : they 

 require to be frequently watered in warm weather, but they 

 should not have it in too great plenty. The plants should 

 continue all the summer in the hot-bed, where they must 

 have a good share of air ; for those which are fully exposed 

 to the open air will not thrive, and if they be too much 

 drawn, they do not flower well. The plants will live 

 through the winter in a moderate stove ; but as they per- 

 fect their seeds well the first year, few persons care to con- 

 tinue the old plants. The species are, 



1. Ayenia Pusilla; Smooth Ayenia. Leaves cordate, 

 smooth ; stem weak, woody, about a foot high ; corolla pur- 

 ple. Many of the flowers being abortive, Linneus suggests, 

 that they may possibly be of different sexes. The flowers 

 continue in succession from July till winter. Native of Peru. 



2. Ayenia Tomentosa. Leaves ovate-roundish, tomentose ; 

 leaflets of the calix lanceolate, acute, permanent ; antherae 

 three. Native of South America. 



3. Ayenia Magna. Leaves cordate, pubescent ; germ of 

 the flowers sessile. An upright shrub, five feet high. Na- 

 tive of Carthagena, and other places of South America. 



4. Ayenia Lsevigata. Leaves ovate, entire, smooth ; germen 

 pedicelled ; nectary ten-cleft, radiated. Native of Jamaica. 



Azalea ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Monogynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth five-parted, acute, 

 erect, small, coloured, permanent. Corolla: monope- 

 talous, bell-shaped,' (in some species funnel-shaped,) semi- 

 quinquefid, the sides of the divisions bent in. Stamina: 

 filamenta five, filiform, inserted into the receptacle, free. 

 Anthene simple. Pistil -. germen roundish. Style filiform, 

 the length of the corolla, permanent. Stigma obtuse. Peri- 

 tarp : capsule roundish, five-celled, five-valved. Seeds: 

 many, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla: bell- 

 shaped. Stamina : inserted into the receptacle. Capsule : 

 Sve-celled. The species are, 



J . Azalea Pontica ; Pontic Azalea. Leaves shining, lan- 

 ceolate, smooth on both sides ; racemes terminal ; flowers 

 yellow. Native of Pontus. 



2. Azalea Indica ; Indian Azalea. Flowers subsolitary, 

 covering the whole upper part of the shrub, and are of a 

 Beautiful bright red colour j calices hairy. Native of the 

 East Indies. 



3. Azalea Nudiflora ; Naked -Jlowered Azalea. Leave* 

 ovate ; corolla hairy ; stamina very long. Grows naturally 

 in shade, and upon moist ground, in most parts of North 

 America ; where it is called Mayflowers, Wild Honeysucklet, 

 and Upright Honeysuckles. Many of the plants have been 

 sent, of late years, to England, and sevenil of them have pro- 

 duced their beautiful flowers in the gardens of the curious. 

 They must have a moist soil and a shady situation, otherwise 

 they will not thrive. They can only be prop igated by shoots 

 from their roots, and litying down their branches, for they do 

 not produce seeds here ; and if good seeds could be obtained, 

 they would be difficult to raise, and a long time before they 

 would flower ; but when they are in a proper situation, their 

 roots extend, and put out shoots which may be taken off and 

 transplanted. When any of them are laid down, it should be 

 only the young shoots of the same year, for the old branche* 

 will not put out roots. The best time for this, is at Michael- 

 mas ; and if they are covered with some old tan to keep out 

 the frost, it will be of great use to them. The autumn is also 

 the best time to remove the plants, but the ground about 

 their roots should be covered in winter to keep out the 

 frost ; and if this be every year practised to the old plants, 

 it will preserve them in vigour, and cause them to flower 

 well. 



4. Azalea Viscosa ; Viscid Azalea. Leaves scabrous at 

 the edge ; corollas with glutinous hairs. This is a low shrub, 

 rising with several slender stems, nearly four feet high. The 

 flowers have much the appearance of Honeysuckle, and are 

 as agreeably scented. They appear in the middle of July, 

 but are not succeeded by seeds in England. It is a native 

 of woods and moist places in North America. For its pro- 

 pagation and culture, see the third species. 



5. Azalea Lapponica ; Lapland Azalea. Leaves with exca- 

 vated dots sprinkled over them. This is a divaricated shrub, 

 six or seven inches high. It is, like the sixth species, alow 

 plantof little beauty; and growing naturally on boggy ground 

 upon the mountains, is difficult to keep in gardens. 



6. Azalea Procumbens ; Procumbent Azalea. Branche* 

 diffusely procumbent ; calix purple, a little shorter than the 

 corolla, five-cleft almost to the base ; corolla bright rose- 

 colour, or pale scarlet. Native of the mountains of Europe, 

 and also found in the Highlands of Scotland. 



7. Azalea Punctata; Dotted Azalea. Leaves rugged about 

 the edge ; flowers dotted, heaped. This shrub is five feet 

 high, upright, and branched ; corolla white ; calix whitish, 

 dotted with red, as are also the corolla, antherse, and germen. 

 Native of the woods of Cochin-china. 



B A C 



BACCHARIS ; a genus of the class Syngenesis, order 

 Polygami.i Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTRR. Calix .- com- 

 mon, cylindric, imbricate ; scales linear, acute. Corolla : 

 compound, equal ; corollules hermaphrodite and female mix- 

 "d; proper, to the hermaphrodite, funnel-form, five-cleft; to 

 the females, scarcely apparent, almost none. Stamina : fila- 

 menta five, capillary, very small. Antherae cylindric, tubu- 

 lar. Pistil : germen ovate ; style filiform, the length of the 

 flower; stigma bifid. Pericarp: none. Calix : unchanged. 

 Seeds: solitary, very short, oblong ; down simple. Recep- 

 tacle, naked. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix. imbricate, 

 tylir.oric. Florets : female mixed with hermaphrodites. 

 Doom: simple. Receptacle: naked. Most of the plants of 

 this genus are shrubby : the flowers are disposed commonly 

 in -corymbs. The species are. 



B A C 



1. Baccharis Ivaefolia; Peruvian Ploughman's Spikenard. 

 Leaves lanceolate, longitudinally tooth-serrate. The female 

 florets with a trifid corolla, very abundant ; hermaphrodites 

 at the disk few, and five-cleft. This shrub is five or six feet 

 high. It is anativeof America, flowering in July and August. 

 It may be propagated by cuttings planted in a shady border, 

 during any of the summer months ; or by seeds sown on a 

 common border in the spring. These seeds ripen well in this 

 country, and if permitted to scatter on the ground, the plants 

 will come up in the following spring. It is pretty hardy, and 

 will live abroad in mild winters, if planted in a warm situation ; 

 but it is usually kept in the green house, and placed abroad 

 in summer ; it requires much water in warm weather. 



2. Baccharis Neriifolia ; Oleander-leaved Ploughman* 

 Spikenard. Leaves lanceolate, serrate at the upper part 



