202 



B R Y 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



BUB 



should have very little water : they mostly flower in July, 

 and in favourable summers will perfect their seeds. 



4. Bryonia Granadis ; Great-fltrwered Bryony. Leaves 

 cordate, angular, smoothish, glandular at the base under- 

 neath ; stem shrubby ; tendrils simple. Native of India, 

 and Cochin-china. See the preceding species. 



5. Bryonia Cordifolia ; Heart-leaved Bryony. Leaves 

 cordate, oblong, five-lobed, toothed, scabrous ; petioles 

 two-toothed. Native of Ceylon. See the third species. 



6. Bryonia Laciniosa; Laciniated Bryony. Leaves pal- 

 mate ; divisions lanceolate, serrate ; petioles muricate. 

 Native of Ceylon. See the third species. 



7. Bryonia Africana ; African Bryony. Leaves palmate, 

 live-parted, smooth, and even on both sides; divisions pin- 

 natifid. Native of the Cape. See the third species. 



8. Bryonia Cretica ; Cretan Bryony. Leaves palmate, 

 callous dotted on the upper surface; root long, running deep, 

 but not so large as the common sort, covered with brown bark. 

 Native of Crete orCandia, as its name imports. This, and 

 the tenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth species, must be raised on a 

 hot-bed early in the spring, and when the plants are about 

 three inches high, they should be each transplanted into a 

 small pot filled with fresh light earth, and plunged into a hot- 

 bed of tanner's bark, observing to water and shade them until 

 they have taken root. When the plants are grown so large 

 as to rumble about on the surface of the bed, and begin to 

 entangle with other plants, they should be shifted into larger 

 pots, or placed in the bark-stove, where their branches may 

 be trained to the wall, or against an espalier, that they may 

 have sun and air, which is absolutely necessary for their 

 producing fruit. When they are full of fruit, they make a 

 pretty variety in the stove among other exotic plants. 



9. Bryonia Scabra ; Rough or Globe-fruited Bryony. 

 Leaves cordate, angled, villose underneath, callous-scabrous 

 on the upper surface ; tendrils simple ; berries globular ; 

 seeds smooth. Native of the Cape of Good Hope, and 

 flowers in September and October. 



10. Bryonia Scabrella ; Ronghish or Bristly Bryony. 

 Leaves cordate, angular, and lobed, callous-hispid ; tendrils 

 simple ; berries globular ; seeds muricate ; corollas small, 

 yellow. Native of the East Indies. For its propagation, see 

 the eighth species. 



1 1 . Bryonia Japonica ; Japan Bryony. Leaves cordate, 

 undivided, and angular, toothed, unarmed, hispid. It creeps 

 on walls. Native of Japan. For its culture and propaga- 

 tion, see the eighth species. 



12. Bryonia Latebrosa ; Hairy Bryony. Leaves subtri- 

 lobate, hairy, drawn to a point at the base. This is easily 

 distinguished from the rest, by the leaves not being in the 

 least cordate at the base, but subdecurrent along the petioles. 

 It is a native of the Canary Islands. 



13. Bryonia Verrucosa ; Warted Bryony. Leaves cor- 

 date, angled ; the upper surface, and the veins underneath, 

 callous-scabrous, the callosities remote ; tendrils simple ; 

 berries globular. It is a native of the Canary Islands. 



14. Bryonia Racemosa. Leaves cordate, three-lobed, the 

 upper ones ovate, and somewhat rugged ; flowers in racemes ; 

 berries nodding, oval. Native of Jamaica. 



15. Bryonia Variegata. Leaves palmate, with lanceolate 

 segments, spotted on the upper, but smooth on the under 

 side ; fruit ovate, scattered. For the propagation and cul- 

 ture of this plant, see the eighth species. 



16. Bryonia Bonariensis. Leaves palmate, five-parted, 

 hairy, with obtuse segments. Root and stems like those of 

 the common Briony ; the latter the thickness of a quill at bot- 

 tom and angular, towards the top deeply streaked, dark green. 



Native of Buenos Ayres. For the propagation and cul- 

 ture, see the eighth species. 



17- Bryonia Hastate. Leaves hastate, toothletted, smooth ; 

 peduncles many-flowered ; stem herbaceous, slender, scan- 

 dent, cirrhose ; flowers androgynous, white, axillary. Na- 

 tive of China, about Canton. 



18. Bryonia Triloba. Leaves three-lobed, five-nerved ; 

 stipules roundish, concave ; peduncles one-flowered ; stem 

 shrubby, grooved, climbing by trifid tendrils. Native of 

 Cochin-china. 



19. Bryonia Cochin-chinensis. Leaves five-cornered, 

 rough, berries three-celled, ten-cornered. It differs from 

 the other Bryonies, but cannot be so well placed in any 

 other genus. Native of Cochin-china, in hedges. 



Bryum ; a genus of Moss, distinguished by a capsule co- 

 vered with a lid, and over that a smooth veil; but these cha- 

 racters it has in common with the Mnium and Hypnum, two 

 other geneni much resembling this. The peculiar note of 

 the Bryum is, that the thread, or little stem supporting the 

 fructification, grows from a tubercle at the ends of the stem 

 and branches. The character of this genus, as given by Hed- 

 wig and Schrreber, is as follows : Capsule: ovate, oblong. 

 Peristeum : double, outer with sixteen broadish sharp 

 teeth ; inner membranaceous, plaited and keeled, jagged ; 

 jags broadish, capillary, alternate. Males : capitate or dis- 

 coid, or gemmaceous, on the same or a different plant. Lin- 

 neus has thirty-seven species ; Hudson has forty-five, besides 

 many varieties ; Lightfoot has twenty-nine, described parti- 

 cularly, with many good observations ; Withering has sixty- 

 five, besides many varieties, well distinguished ; Allioni has 

 only twenty-eight species ; and Haller enumerates thirty- 

 three. Many of the figures of these Mosses have been 

 given by Curtis, Dillenius, Vaillant. in Flora Danica ; also 

 by Dickson, Hedwig, &c. 



Bubon ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Digynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Ctilix : umbel universal, of about 

 ten rays, the middle ones shorter ; partial of fifteen to twenty 

 rays ; involucre universal, five-leaved ; leaflets lanceolate, 

 acuminate, patulous, equal, much shorter than the umbel, 

 permanent. Partial with rather more leaflets, of the same 

 shape, the length of the umbellule ; perianth proper five- 

 toothed, very small, permanent. Corolla: universal uniform, 

 all the floscules fertile; proper of five, lanceolate, inflex 

 petals. Stamina: filamenta five, simple, the length of the 

 corollule; antherae simple. Pistil: germen ovate, inferior ; 

 styles two, setaceous, permanent, hardly the length of the 

 corollule, spreading and reflex ; stigmas obtuse. Pericarp .- 

 none; fruit ovate, striated, villose, bipartite, crowned. 

 Seeds : two, ovate, flat on one side, and convex on the 

 other, striated villose. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Fruit ovate, 

 striated villose. These plants make a pretty variety in the 

 green-house in winter, and when they are placed abroad in 

 the summer, with other green-house plants, they have a 

 good effect, especially when they are grown to a large size. 

 They generally flower the third year from seeds, but their 

 flowers are produced so late in summer, that the seeds have 

 seldom time to form before the cold comes on in the au- 

 tumn. The species are, 



1. Bubon Macedonicum ; Macedonian Parsley. Leaflets 

 rhomb-ovate, gash-toothed ; teeth acuminate, umbels very 

 numerous ; seeds rough with hairs. Native of Greece and 

 Barbary, and probably of the East Indies ; it flowers with us 

 in July, or from June to August. In warm countries it is 

 biennial, but in England the plants seldom flower till the 

 third or fourth year from seed ; but whenever they flower, 

 they always die. In some parts of the east, this plant is used 



