C A L 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



C A L 



233 



Rattan is imported into Europe, and used for a variety of 

 minor purposes, such as bottoming chairs, for riding and 

 walking canes, hoops for the petticoats of fools, &c. &c. 

 The Zalaced or Salxch, another species, is cultivated for 

 the fruit, which is about the size of a walnut, and covered 

 with scales like those of a lizard ; below the scales, are two 

 or three yellow kernels, in flavour somewhat resembling a 

 strawberry. This is supposed to produce the dragon's-blood. 

 Calceolaria ; a genus of the class Diandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth one-leafed, 

 four-parted, spreading, equal ; divisions ovate, permanent. 

 Corolla : inonopetalous, bilabiate ; lower lip resupine ; upper 

 very small, contracted, globular, bifid anteriorly, lower 

 very large, slipper-form, inflated, gaping anteriorly. Sta- 

 mina : filamenta two, very short, within the upper lip ; an- 

 therae incumbent, club-form, with the handle prominent 

 through the chink. Pistil . germen roundish ; style very 

 short ; stigma bluntish. Pericarp: capsule subconic, acu- 

 minate, two-furrowed, two-celled, two-valved. Seeds: nu- 

 merous, ovate. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla ; ringent, 

 inflated. Capsule: two-celled, two-valved. Calix: four- 

 parted, equal. The species are, 



1. Calceolaria 1'innata ; Pinnated Slipperwort. Leaves 

 pinnate. Root annual ; stem erect, two feet high, round, bra- 

 chiate, brittle, with a very thick down, and from fifteen to 

 twenty joints. It flowers from July to October ; and is a 

 native of moist places in Peru. This species may easily be 

 raised from seed, sown on a gentle hot-bed in the spring ; 

 the seedlings, when of a proper size, are to be transplanted 

 into the borders of the flower-garden, where they will flower, 

 ripen, and scatter their seeds ; but it appears to most ad- 

 vantage in a tan-stove. 



2. Calceolaria Integrifolia ; Wltole-leaved Slipperwort. 

 Leaves lanceolate, wrinkled, serrate ; flowers panicled, ter- 

 minating. It was observed in Chili by Feuille'e. 



3. Calceolaria Perfoliata ; Perfoliate Slipperwort. Leaves 

 perfoliate, sagittate, villose on both sides. This is a very 

 singular and handsome plant, the whole of which is villose, 

 except the corolla ; stem round, from a foot to two feet 

 high, leafy, terminated by a many-flowered leafy corymb ; 



' corolla yellow, large ; antherae two-lobed, large, the lobes 

 bent down. Found in New Granada, by Mutis. 



4. Calceolaria Nana ; Dwarf Slipperwort. Scapes one- 

 flowered ; leaves ovate, quite entire. Stemless ; flowers 

 large, specious, yellow, spotted with red. Found by Com- 



-merson in the Straits of Magellan. 



5. Calceolaria Plantaginea; Plaintain-leaved Slipperwort. 

 Scapes few-flowered ; leaves rhombed, serrate. Root pe- 

 rennial, fibrous ; stem none ; corolla yellow. Found in the 

 Straits of Magellan. 



6. Calceolaria Ovata. Stem branching ; leaves ovate, cre- 

 nate. Root annual, fibrous ; stem erect, round, hairy ; leaves 

 opposite, on short petioles, with white pellucid hairs, and 

 underneath paler ; corolla like that of the first species, small 

 and yellow. Found by Dombey in Peru. 



7. Calceolaria Fothergillii ; Spatula-leaved Slipperwort. 

 Leaves spatulate, quite entire ; peduncles scape-form, one- 

 flowered. Stem scarcely an inch high, subdivided near the 

 root : flowering from May to August. Native of the 

 Falkland Isles. 



Calea ; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polygamia 

 ^qualis. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common imbri- 

 cate ; scales oblong, somewhat loose. Corolla .- compound, 

 uniform ; corollules hermaphrodite, very many, equal; proper 

 funnel-form, with a five-cleft border. Stamina: filamenta 

 five, capillary, very short; anthers cylindric, tubular. 



Pistil: germen somewhat oblong ; style filiform, the length 

 of the corollule ; stigmas two, recurved, acute. Pericarp : 

 none ; calix unchanged. Seeds : solitary, oblong ; down 

 hairy, the length of the calix. Receptacle: chaffy; chaffs a 

 little longer than the calix, eminent between the floscules. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : imbricate. Down : hairy, 

 or none. Receptacle : chaffy. These plants may be pro- 

 pagated by seeds, sown upon a hot-bed in the beginning of 

 April ; when they come up, they should be tenderly treated 

 whilst young ; admitting, however, fresh air to them daily, 

 in proportion to the warmth of the season, giving them water 

 frequently, but sparingly. When they have strength enough 

 to be removed, they must be each transplanted into a sepa- 

 rate small pot, filled with light sandy earth, and plunged into 

 a hot-bed, observing to shade them until they have taken 

 new root, giving them air, and watering them frequently, 

 but gently, as before. When the plants are grown strong, 

 they must be removed into larger pots, and placed in the 

 stove or glass-case, giving them plenty of fresh air in warm 

 weather ; with which management they will sometimes 

 ripen their seeds in favourable seasons. The species are, 



1. Calea Jamaicensis Flowers subtern, peduncled ; leaves 

 ovate-oblong, subserrate, petioled. Height six or seven feet 

 or more ; stems shrubby, narrow, round, obscurely tomen- 

 tose ; leaves hairy, rugged, three-nerved ; flowers terminating, 

 frequently three together, the pedicles of the same length 

 with the flowers ; calix coloured ; the pappus or down is 

 rugged, and as long as the flower. Native of the woods 

 and inland parts of the isliind of Jamaica. 



2. Calea Oppositifolia. Corymbs heaped ; peduncles very 

 long ; leaves lanceolate ; stem herbaceous, two feet high, 

 branched, upright, round, pubescent. Native of hedges on 

 the mountains of Jamaica. 



3. Calea Amellus. Flowers subpanicled ; calices short ; 

 seeds naked ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, petioled. This species 

 has woody branches, whieh spread over the neighbouring 

 plants, and rise eight or ten feet high ; the leaves are thick 

 and opposite ; there are many side-branches on which are 

 smaller leaves, opposite like the others, and terminated by 

 panicles of yellow flowers ; seeds four-cornered, without 

 down. Native of Jamaica. 



4. Calea Lobata. Corymbs heaped ; leaves alternate, the 

 upper ones ovate-lanceolate, the lower ones tooth-hastate, 

 sinuate-serrate. This plant bears many naked yellow flow- 

 ers, and generally rises to the height of four or five feet, 

 according to Browne ; who calls it Halbert weed, from the 

 shape of the leaves : he affirms, that it is an excellent bitter, 

 and much used in America, where a spirituous infusion of 

 the tops is generally kept in most plantations, and is often 

 administered as an active warm stomachic. Native of 

 Jamaica. 



5. Calea Scoparia. Stem suffruticose ; branches almost 

 opposite, angular. This is a shrub or small tree ; stem the 

 height of a man or more, branched towards the top, even, 

 streaked, wrinkled, with an ash-coloured bark. It is a na- 

 tive of Jamaica, and there found only in the coldest parts of 

 the mountai ns ; it resembles ourEuropean Broom, and is there- 

 fore called Mountain Broom-tree; it is the only tree of the 

 same appearance in that country. Flowers small, white. 



6. Calea Leptophylla. Flowers terminating in threes and 

 fives, heaped ; leaves oblong, imbricate, quite entire, sessile ; 

 stem shrubby. Native of New Zealand. 



7. Calea Pi nifolia. Peduncles terminating, heaped; leaves 

 linear, acerose ; stem shrubby. Native of New Zealand. 



Calendula ; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Poly- 

 gamia Necessaria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: com- 



