CAR 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



CAR 



253 



immense tufts affording a firm support for the heaviest 

 bodies. 



19. Carex Indica; Indian Sedge. Spikes androgynous, 

 cylindric, panicled, pinnate ; a few of the lower floscules 

 female ; culms subtriangular, smooth and even, a foot and 

 hah' in height, erect ; fruit ovate, three-cornered, acute. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



20. Carex Urunnea ; Brown Sedge. Spikes androgynous, 

 peduucled, linear ; in the upper part male ; leaves linear, at- 

 tenuated toward the end, entire, smooth, erect, longer than 

 the cuhn, which is three-cornered, smooth, and a foot in 

 height ; spikes erect, acute, brown, smooth, about twelve 

 in number; glumes ovate, acute. Observed in Japan by 

 Thunberg. 



*** Male and Female Flowers on distinct Spikes ; Females 

 sessile. 



21. Carex Flava ; Yellow Sedge. Sheaths short, nearly 

 equalling the divaricate leaflet ; male Spike linear; females 

 roundish ; capsules rostrate-acuminate. Stems two inches 

 to a foot high, numerous, declining ; in the smaller plants 

 leafy up to the spike, but in the larger usually naked up- 

 wards, triangular, not rough to the touch ; leaves pale yellow- 

 ish green. Mr. Ray calls this species Marsh Hedge-hog 

 Grass : it is common in boggy and wet meadows, marshes, and 

 the boggy parts of barren heaths ; flowering in May and June 



22. Carex Pedata. Female spikes, sessile, oblong, the 

 lower axillary ; leaves subfiliform. Leaves a foot long, very 

 narrow, somewhat stiff, smooth and even at bottom ; culm 

 very solid, somewhat even, rounded on one side, longer than 

 the leaves ; spikes three, sessile ; male terminal, oblong, fer- 

 ruginous ; females two, alternate, ovate-oblong, brown fer- 

 ruginous ; upper without any leaf under it; lower from the 

 axilla the length of the culm ; floscules less closely imbri- 

 cate ; capsules obscurely pubescent. Native of Lapland. 



23. Carex Digitata; Digitated Sedge. Spikes linear, 

 erect ; male shorter ; bractes membranaceous, almost leafless, 

 sheathing, halved ; capsules distant. Leaves in a thick tuft; 

 stems obscurely three-cornered, slender, not rough, from six 

 to twelve inches high, entirely naked, except some reddish 

 brown leafy sheaths at the base ; male spike half an inch 

 long, closely imbricate, from the same sheath with the upper- 

 most female spike, and, being shorter, over-topped by it ; 

 scales numerous, yellowish brown, membranaceous, and 

 shining at the ends, and so bluntly rounded as to seem 

 truncate. It flowers in May and June, and is native of 

 many parts of Europe. 



24. Carex Montana ; Mountain Sedge. Female spikes 

 sessile, subsolitary, ovate, approximating to the male; culm 

 naked ; capsules pubescent. Culms filiform, a short span 

 high ; leaves filiform, soft, of a yellower green than the other 

 species ; stem leaves very short ; male spike terminal, pedun 

 cled, subcylindric, brown ; female when ripe becomes black ; 

 scales brown ; seeds scarce perceptibly hairy, gibbous, diva- 

 ricate. It is found on mountainous pastures and heaths. 



25. Carex Tomeiitosa. Female spikes subpeduncled ; cap- 

 sules aubglobular, tomentose. Culm three-cornered ; leaves 

 narrow ; bractes the length of the upper culm ; capsules 

 from fifteen to twenty in a spike, pear-shaped, villose. 



26. Carex Globularis. Male spike oblong; female sessile, 

 ovate ; floral leaf shorter approximating. Leaves in a thick 

 tuft, firm, short, not more than half a line broad; culm three 

 inches high, almost naked, three-cornered. 



27. Carex Filiformis. Sheaths short, nearly equalling the 

 peduncles ; male spikes commonly two ; females ovate, re- 

 mote ; capsules downy. Leaves slender upright, ending in 

 a very taper point, roughish on the edges and along the keel, 



VOL. i. 22. 



from one to three feet in length; culm upright, slender, 

 almost equal to the leaves, the angles sharp and hispid. It 

 flowers in June, is a native of woods in several parts of 

 Europe ; and has been observed near Eaton in Shropshire, 

 and at the south end of Ayr Links in Scotland. 



28. Carex Pilulifera; Round-headed Sedge. Sheaths 

 none ; male spike sublinear ; females rounded, sessile, 

 crowded ; culm weak. Leaves in a thick tuft, bright green ; 

 the longest scarcely half as long as the stem, which is 

 three-cornered, slender, not rough, somewhat ascending 

 at the base. It is common in moist pastures and heaths ; 

 flowering in April and May. 



29. Carex Saxatilis ; Rock Sedge. Spikes three, ovate, 

 sessile, alternate ; male oblong, terminal. Male spike bay or 

 I/ale ferruginous ; female spikes two, black, and scaly ; ger- 

 mina black, three-cornered; styles black, bifid, long; beneath 

 the lowest spike is a setaceous leaf shorter than the spike. 

 Native of the mountains of Lapland and Switzerland. 



30. Carex Tristachya. Spikes moncecous, three, sessile, 

 linear ; male longer. One leaf or two leaves at most, alter- 

 nate, linear, smooth, reflected, short ; culm three-cornered, 

 capillary, striated, smooth, erect, four inches high ; spikes 

 terminal; females lower than the male, and only half the 

 length. 



**** Male and Female Spikes distinct .- Females peduncled. 



31. Carex Atrata ; Black Sedge. Spikes all androgynous, 

 terminal, peduncled, when in flower erect, when in fruit pen- 

 dulous ; capsule ovate, sharpish ; sheaths scarcely any. Stem 

 three-cornered, smooth, with leaves from one inch and half 

 to two inches from the root, naked upwards ; the upper often 

 longer than the stem. It is singular in this species, that it has 

 for the most part only two stamina, and a few hermaphrodite 

 flowers ; its having no sheaths, or at least very minute ones, 

 and black ovate spikes, are marks sufficient to distinguish it 

 readily from all others with which it can come in any com- 

 petition. Native of most parts of Europe, on mountains; and 

 found in Wales and Scotland ; flowering from May till July. 



32. Carex Limosa. Spikes ovate, pendulous when in 

 fruit ; male longer, more erect ; root creeping. Styles three ; 

 root jointed, creeping. In a garden, where it will rarely 

 flower, it frequently throws up barren leafy stalks, which 

 will readily take root, if planted in pots plunged in water. 

 It is common in boggy ground, and flowers in June : found 

 in Yorkshire, Lancashire, Westmoreland, &c. 



33. Carex Capillaris ; Capillary Sedge. Spikes pendu- 

 lous ; male erect ; females oblong, distich ; capsules naked, 

 acuminate. Culm, when in flower, shorter than the leaf, 

 scarcely a finger's breadth high, with a single leaf ; from the 

 end are produced four erect spikes, one of which is male ; in 

 a short time the culm becomes a span in height, filiform, 

 erect, with one sheathing leaf in the middle of it, but 

 shorter than the culm. Native of the Highland mountains 

 of Scotland. 



34. Carex Pallescens ; Pale Sedge. Sheaths very much 

 abbreviated ; female spikes subcylindric, when fruit-bearing 

 pendulous ; capsules oblong, blunt. Bractes permanent ; 

 capsules by no means acuminate ; stems many, from one to 

 two feet high, three-cornered, roughish, leafy below, naked 

 upward, except that there is generally a kind of false floral 

 leaf similar to the stem leaves, proceeding from a joinl one or 

 two inches below the spikes Native of woods, meadows, 

 and moist pastures ; flowering in May and June. 



35. Carex Panicea; Pink-leaved Sedge. Spikes peUun- 

 cled, erect, remote ; females linear : capsules bluntish, in- 

 flated, somewhat distant^ Steins bluntly three-cornered, 

 smooth, twelve to eighteen inches high ; leaves smooth, sea- 



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